High-Dose Deferoxamine in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Information source: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 20, 2015 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Intervention: Deferoxamine (Drug); Normal saline (Drug)
Phase: Phase 2
Status: Suspended
Sponsored by: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s): Magdy Selim, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School
Summary
The main purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with deferoxamine mesylate
is of sufficient promise to improve outcome before pursuing a larger clinical trial to
examine its effectiveness as a treatment for brain hemorrhage.
Clinical Details
Official title: Futility Study of Deferoxamine in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: Proportion of patients with Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score 0-2
Secondary outcome: Proportion of patients with mRS score 0-3Proportion of patients with mRS score 0-2 in early vs. late ICH onset-to-treatment time windows Frequency of Treatment-related Adverse Events
Detailed description:
Several studies show that hemoglobin breakdown and subsequent iron accumulation in the brain
play a role in mediating secondary neuronal injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); and
that treatment with the iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFO), provides neuroprotection in
animal models of ICH. The investigators recently concluded a phase-I, safety and
dose-finding study of DFO in patients with ICH; repeated daily intravenous (IV) infusions of
DFO in doses up to 62 mg/kg/day (up to a maximum daily dose of 6000 mg/day) were
well-tolerated and did not increase serious adverse events or mortality. The current study
builds on these results to assess the potential utility of DFO as a therapeutic intervention
in ICH.
This is a prospective, multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-armed, phase-II,
futility clinical study to determine if this maximum tolerated dose of DFO is of sufficient
promise to improve outcome prior to embarking on a large-scale and costly phase III study to
assess its efficacy in ICH. The investigators will randomize 324 subjects with ICH equally
(1: 1) to either DFO at 62 mg/kg/day (up to a maximum daily dose of 6000 mg/day), or saline
placebo, given by continuous IV infusion for 5 consecutive days. Treatment will be initiated
within 24 hours after ICH symptom onset. Subjects will be stratified based on baseline ICH
score (0-2 vs. 3-5) and ICH onset-to-treatment time (OTT) window (≤12h vs. >12-24h), so that
the resulting randomization ratio is 1: 1 within each ICH score and OTT window strata.
The main objectives are:
1. To assess whether it would be futile to move DFO forward into a Phase III trial based
on the end point of good outcome (defined as dichotomized modified Rankin Scale score
of 0-2 at 3 months). At the conclusion of the study, the proportion of DFO-treated
subjects with a good outcome will be compared to the placebo proportion in a futility
analysis. If the DFO-treated proportion is less than 12% greater than the placebo
proportion, then it would be futile to move DFO forward to future Phase III testing.
2. To collect more data on treatment-related adverse events in order to ascertain that
patients with ICH can tolerate this dose given over an extended 5-day duration of
infusion without experiencing unreasonable neurological complications, increased
mortality, or other serious adverse events related to DFO use.
Secondary and exploratory objectives include:
1. Determining the overall distribution of scores on mRS at 3 months in DFO-treated
subjects, and to perform a dichotomized analysis considering the proportion of DFO- and
placebo-treated subjects with mRS 0-3.
2. Exploring the differences between early (≤12h) and late (>12-24h) OTT windows in DFO
treatment effect on functional outcome.
3. Obtaining data on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Montreal
Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Stroke Impact Scale-16 (SIS-16)to explore the effects
of treatment on neurological and cognitive functions.
4. Examining the effects of DFO on relative peri-hematoma edema (PHE) volume progression
between baseline and post-treatment CT scans and the residual cavity volume/brain
atrophy at 90 days, compared to placebo, as potential markers of DFO biological
activity on brain tissue.
5. Exploring whether the effect of DFO on outcome is dependent on initial ICH volume,
after adjusting for other prognostic variables, to determine if specific limits for ICH
volume should be specified as exclusion/inclusion criteria for future studies.
6. Assessing the incidence of symptomatic cerebral edema (unexplained increase in NIHSS >4
points or decrease in GCS >2 points) during hospitalization, up to day 7 or discharge
whichever is earlier.
7. Exploring whether progression of PHE can be a radiological/biological marker of
activity which can be correlated with clinical outcomes and treatment effect of DFO.
Successful completion of this study will provide a crucial "go/no-go" signal for DFO in ICH.
Futility will discourage a major phase III trial, whereas non-futility will offer strong
support for a phase III study to detect clinical efficacy. Results from this study can
provide valuable information to guide the design and sample size estimation of a potential
future Phase III trial. ICH is a frequent cause of disability and death. A successful study
demonstrating the efficacy of DFO would be of considerable public health significance.
The HI-DEF study also provides an opportunity to "bank" blood samples from the participants
for future innovative research in ICH. We, therefore, plan to collect additional blood
samples from the participants in HI-DEF at baseline, before the start of the study drug
infusion, and after completion of the last infusion to be stored and analyzed in the future.
The exact questions to be asked and tests to be done in the future are not fully identified
at this stage. If the efforts to develop deferoxamine as a therapy for ICH are successful,
future pharmacogenetic studies may help to define other therapeutic targets and responders
vs. non-responders to deferoxamine therapy. We tentatively plan to investigate the
relationship between polymorphisms from a panel of genes encoding iron-handling proteins
(which includes genes involved in both intra- and extra-cellular iron metabolism, such as
ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, hemopexin, transferrin receptor, ferritin heavy- and
light-chain, and heme-oxygenase 1 and 2 genes) and peri-hematoma edema; outcome; and
response to deferoxamine therapy.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 18 Years.
Maximum age: 80 Years.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years
2. The diagnosis of ICH is confirmed by brain CT scan
3. NIHSS score ≥ 6 and GCS > 6 upon presentation
4. The first dose of the study drug can be administered within 24h of ICH symptom onset
5. Functional independence prior to ICH, defined as pre-ICH mRS ≤ 1
6. Signed and dated informed consent is obtained.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Previous chelation therapy or known hypersensitivity to DFO products
2. Known severe iron deficiency anemia (defined as hemoglobin concentration < 7g/dL or
requiring blood transfusions)
3. Abnormal renal function, defined as serum creatinine > 2 mg/dL
4. Planned surgical evacuation of ICH prior to administration of study drug (placement
of a catheter for ventricular drainage is not a contraindication to enrollment)
5. Suspected secondary ICH related to tumour, ruptured aneurysm or arteriovenous
malformation, hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarct, or venous sinus
thrombosis
6. Infratentorial hemorrhage
7. Irreversibly impaired brainstem function (bilateral fixed and dilated pupils and
extensor motor posturing)
8. Complete unconsciousness, defined as a score of 3 on item 1a of the NIHSS (Responds
only with reflex motor or autonomic effects or totally unresponsive, and flaccid)
9. Pre-existing disability, defined as pre-ICH mRS ≥ 2
10. Coagulopathy - defined as elevated aPTT or INR >1. 3 upon presentation; concurrent use
of direct thrombin inhibitors (such as dabigatran), direct factor Xa inhibitors (such
as rivaroxaban), or low-molecular-weight heparin
11. Taking iron supplements containing ≥ 325 mg of ferrous iron, or prochlorperazine
12. Patients with heart failure taking > 500 mg of vitamin C daily
13. Known severe hearing loss
14. Known pregnancy, or positive pregnancy test, or breastfeeding
15. Patients known or suspected of not being able to comply with the study protocol due
to alcoholism, drug dependency, noncompliance, living in another state or any other
cause
16. Positive drug screen for cocaine upon presentation
17. Any condition which, in the judgement of the investigator, might increase the risk to
the patient
18. Life expectancy of less than 90 days due to comorbid conditions
19. Concurrent participation in another research protocol for investigation of another
experimental therapy
20. Indication that a new DNR or Comfort Measures Only (CMO) order will be implemented
within the first 72 hours of hospitalization.
Locations and Contacts
Foothills Medical Center, Calgary, Alberta T2N 2T9, Canada
Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada
St. Joseph's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, United States
Stanford University Hospital, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, United States
Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut 06107, United States
Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
The University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida 32209, United States
University of Iowa Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, United States
Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
Halifax Infirmary, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3A7, Canada
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus - CHU de Québec, Québec, Quebec G1J 1Z4, Canada
Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, United States
Additional Information
Related publications: Selim M. Deferoxamine mesylate: a new hope for intracerebral hemorrhage: from bench to clinical trials. Stroke. 2009 Mar;40(3 Suppl):S90-1. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.533125. Epub 2008 Dec 8. Review. Selim M, Yeatts S, Goldstein JN, Gomes J, Greenberg S, Morgenstern LB, Schlaug G, Torbey M, Waldman B, Xi G, Palesch Y; Deferoxamine Mesylate in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Investigators. Safety and tolerability of deferoxamine mesylate in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2011 Nov;42(11):3067-74. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.617589. Epub 2011 Aug 25. Gu Y, Hua Y, Keep RF, Morgenstern LB, Xi G. Deferoxamine reduces intracerebral hematoma-induced iron accumulation and neuronal death in piglets. Stroke. 2009 Jun;40(6):2241-3. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.539536. Epub 2009 Apr 16. Okauchi M, Hua Y, Keep RF, Morgenstern LB, Xi G. Effects of deferoxamine on intracerebral hemorrhage-induced brain injury in aged rats. Stroke. 2009 May;40(5):1858-63. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.535765. Epub 2009 Mar 12.
Starting date: March 2013
Last updated: February 25, 2014
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