ReoPro and Retavase to Treat Acute Stroke
Information source: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Cerebrovascular Accident
Intervention: Reopro (Drug); Retrovase (Drug)
Phase: Phase 2
Status: Completed
Sponsored by: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Summary
This study will determine the dose of Retavase that can safely be combined with ReoPro in
treating acute ischemic stroke (stroke resulting from a blood clot in the brain). ReoPro and
Retavase are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat heart problems
caused by blockage of heart arteries. The only therapy approved by the Food and Drug
Administration to treat ischemic stroke is the clot buster drug rt-PA. This treatment is
effective only if begun within 3 hours of onset of the stroke, however, and most patients do
not get to the hospital early enough to benefit from it.
Patients between 18 and 80 years of age who have had a mild or moderate acute stroke between
3 and 24 hours before starting study drugs may be eligible for this study. Candidates will
be screened with a medical history and physical examination, blood tests, rating of
neurological deficits such as cognition deficits or problems walking that resulted from the
stroke, and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the head. CT involves the use of specialized
X-rays to obtain images of the brain. The patient lies on a table that is moved into a
cylindrical machine (the scanner) for the imaging study, which usually takes about 5 to 10
minutes.
All participants will receive 0. 25 mg/kg of ReoPro (maximum dose of 30 mg). The drug is
infused into the vein over 12 hours. Some patients will also receive one of four doses of
Retavase, which may boost the effectiveness of ReoPro in opening the blocked blood vessel.
Retavase is given through a needle in the vein over 2 minutes. Patients will be monitored
daily until discharge from the hospital, or until day 5, whichever is earlier. Assessments
will include physical examinations, blood tests to examine factors involved in blood
clotting, and CT scans to evaluate both the response to treatment and drug side effects.
They will return for a follow-up examination and CT scan 30 days after treatment.
...
Clinical Details
Official title: ReoPro Retavase Reperfusion of Stroke Safety Study-Imaging Evaluation With Computed Tomography (ROSIE-CT)
Study design: Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: Clinical improvement at 24 hours after start of therapy.
Secondary outcome: Final infarct volume at day 30 CT adjusted for patient age and baseline NIHSS.
Detailed description:
Objectives: This is the companion protocol to the ROSIE protocol. This clinical trial will
determine an acceptable dose of reteplase in combination with a fixed dose of abciximab for
ischemic stroke 3-24 hours from onset in patients screened with brain CT rather than MRI (as
required by the ROSIE protocol). The importance of this study relative to ROSIE will be its
relevance to the large proportion of acute stroke patients who cannot have a screening MRI,
because of contraindications or unavailability of emergency MRI at their hospital.
Study Population: Patients will be selected by criteria to minimize likelihood of toxicity
and maximize likelihood of response. These criteria include age 18-80 years old, patients
who cannot get acute MRI because of contraindication to or unavailability of MRI, acute
ischemic stroke of moderate severity (NIH Stroke Scale less than or equal to 16 and ischemic
changes on CT scan less than approximately one third of the volume of the middle cerebral
artery territory), no evidence of hemorrhage on CT, and no other clinical, radiological or
laboratory features associated with increased risk of hemorrhage with thrombolytic therapy.
Design: The study is open-label, dose escalation, safety and proof of principle study of the
combination of intravenous abciximab and reteplase. A fixed dose of abciximab will be used
in all patients: 0. 25 mg/kg bolus (to a maximum of 30 mg) followed by a 0. 125
microgram/kg/minute infusion (to a maximum of 10. 0 microgram/minute) for 12 hours. The five
dosing groups for the reteplase dose are 0U, 2. 5 U, 5. 0 U, 7. 5 U, and 10. 0 U. A maximum of
72 patients will be treated using an adaptive statistical design. Non-investigation patient
management will be standardized across all patients according to the NIH Stroke Center
Clinical Care Pathway.
Outcome Measures: The primary efficacy endpoint for response will be clinical improvement
(complete recovery or improvement of 4 points or more on the NIH Stroke Scale) at 24 hours
after start of therapy. The primary safety endpoint for determination of toxicity will be
any one of the following: symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), major systemic
hemorrhage, or other serious adverse event related to study drug administration, including
death, within 48 hours from start of therapy. The maximum acceptable rate of toxicity will
be 10% of patients treated at any dose level and the minimum acceptable rate of response
will be 50% of patients at any dose level. The outcomes will be monitored by a Data and
Safety Monitoring Committee, which will have the authority to stop or recommend
modifications of the trial for safety concerns. Other clinical outcome variables and
imaging variables will be recorded and analyzed in secondary and exploratory analyses. If
an acceptable dose is identified, then that will be investigated in a subsequent randomized
placebo-controlled trial.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 18 Years.
Maximum age: 80 Years.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
- INCLUSION CRITERIA
Patients may be enrolled in the study only if they meet all of the following criteria:
Diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke with onset between 3 and 24 hours prior to planned
start of study drugs. Acute ischemic stroke is defined as a measurable neurological
deficit of sudden onset, presumed secondary to focal cerebral ischemia, and not otherwise
attributable to ICH or another disease process. Stroke onset will be defined as the time
the patient was last known to be without the new clinical deficit. Patients whose
deficits have worsened in the last 24 hours are not eligible if their first symptoms
started more than 24 hours before. If the stroke started during sleep, stroke onset will
be recorded as the time the patient was last known to be intact. A careful history is
important to determine when the patient was last without the presenting deficits.
Disabling neurological deficit attributable to the acute stroke at the start of study
drugs.
NIHSS less than or equal to16
Age 18 - 80 years, inclusive.
Patients not evaluable for the ROSIE protocol because of MRI contraindication or MRI
unavailability or technically inadequate diffusion and perfusion MRI.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
Patients will be excluded from the study for any of the following reasons:
General
Current participation in another study with an investigational drug or device within,
prior participation in the present study, or planned participation in another therapeutic
trial, prior to the final assessment in this trial.
Time interval since stroke onset of less than 24 hours is impossible to determine with
high degree of confidence.
Symptoms suggestive of subarachnoid hemorrhage, even if CT scan is negative for
hemorrhage.
Evidence of acute myocardial infarction defined as having at least two of the following
three features: 1) Chest pain suggestive of cardiac ischemia 2) EKG findings of ST
elevation of more greater than 0. 2 mV in 2 contiguous leads, new onset left bundle branch
block, ST segment depression, or T-wave inversion 3) Elevated troponin I
Women known to be pregnant, lactating or having a positive or indeterminate pregnancy
test.
Patients who would refuse blood transfusions if medically indicated
Stroke Related
Neurological deficit that has led to stupor or coma (NIHSS level of consciousness score
greater than or equal to 2).
High clinical suspicion of septic embolus.
Minor stroke with non-disabling deficit or rapidly improving neurological symptoms.
Baseline NIHSS greater than 16.
MRI/CT Related
Evidence of acute or chronic ICH by head CT.
CT evidence of non-vascular cause for the neurological symptoms.
Signs of mass effect causing shift of midline structures.
Patient excluded from the ROSIE protocol by MRI findings.
Acute ischemic changes on CT larger than approximately one third of the territory of the
middle cerebral artery territory by qualitative assessment.
Safety Related
Persistent hypertension with systolic BP greater than 185 mmHg or diastolic BP greater
than 110 mmHg (mean of 3 consecutive arm cuff readings over 20-30 minutes), not controlled
by antihypertensive therapy or requiring nitroprusside for control.
Anticipated need for major surgery within 72 hours after start of study drugs, e. g.,
carotid endarterectomy, hip fracture repair.
Any intracranial surgery, serious head trauma (any head injury that required
hospitalization), or stroke within the past 3 months.
Stroke within the past 3 months.
History of ICH at any time in the past.
Major trauma at the time of stroke, e. g., hip fracture.
Blood glucose greater than 200 mg/dl.
Presence or history of intracranial neoplasm or arteriovenous malformation.
Intracranial aneurysm, unless surgically treated greater than 3 months.
Major hemorrhage in past 21 days.
Major surgery, serious trauma, lumbar puncture, arterial puncture at a non-compressible
site, or biopsy of a parenchymal organ in last 14 days. Major surgical procedures include
but are not limited to the following: major thoracic or abdominopelvic surgery,
neurosurgery, major limb surgery, carotid endarterectomy or other vascular surgery, and
organ transplant. For non-listed procedures, the operating surgeon should be consulted to
assess the risk.
Presumed or documented history of vasculitis.
Known systemic bleeding disorder, e. g., von Willebrand's disease, hemophilia, others.
Platelet count less than 100,000 cells/mL.
Congenital or acquired coagulopathy (e. g., secondary to anticoagulants) causing either of
the following:
1. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) prolongation greater than 2 seconds
above the upper limit of normal for local laboratory, except if due to isolated
factor XII deficiency. Protamine sulfate reversal of heparin effect does not
alleviate this criterion.
2. INR greater than or equal to 1. 4. Patients receiving warfarin prior to entry are
eligible provided INR is less than 1. 4 and warfarin can be safely discontinued for at
least 48 hours.
Potentially Interfering with Outcome Assessment
Life expectancy less than 3 months.
Other serious illness, e. g., severe hepatic, cardiac, or renal failure; acute myocardial
infarction; or a complex disease that may confound treatment assessment.
Serum creatinine, AST or ALT greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal for the local
laboratory.
Drug Related
Treatment of the qualifying stroke with any thrombolytic or GPIIbIIIa inhibitor outside of
this protocol.
Any administration of a thrombolytic drug in the prior 7 days.
Treatment of the qualifying stroke with intravenous heparin unless aPTT prolongation is no
greater than 2 seconds above the upper limit of normal for local laboratory prior to study
drug initiation.
Treatment of the qualifying stroke with a low molecular weight heparinoid.
Previous administration of abciximab, if known.
Known allergy to murine proteins.
Anticoagulation caused by herbal therapy.
Locations and Contacts
Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia 20010, United States
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States
Additional Information
Related publications: Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1995 Dec 14;333(24):1581-7. Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, von Kummer R, Davalos A, Meier D, Larrue V, Bluhmki E, Davis S, Donnan G, Schneider D, Diez-Tejedor E, Trouillas P. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thrombolytic therapy with intravenous alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke (ECASS II). Second European-Australasian Acute Stroke Study Investigators. Lancet. 1998 Oct 17;352(9136):1245-51. Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, Toni D, Lesaffre E, von Kummer R, Boysen G, Bluhmki E, Höxter G, Mahagne MH, et al. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke. The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS). JAMA. 1995 Oct 4;274(13):1017-25.
Starting date: September 2002
Last updated: April 9, 2011
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