Tenofovir vs. Tenofovir Plus Entecavir in Entecavir-Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B
Information source: Asan Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Without Delta-agent
Intervention: Tenofovir (Drug); Tenofovir (Drug); Entecavir (Drug)
Phase: Phase 4
Status: Active, not recruiting
Sponsored by: Asan Medical Center Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s): Young-Suk Lim, M.D.,Ph.D., Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Asan Medical Center
Summary
With the availability of potent nucloes(t)ide analogues (NA), such as tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV), suppression of serum HBV DNA to undetectable levels by
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays became achievable in most NA treatment-naïve
patients. Until recently, however, many patients commenced antiviral treatment with inferior
NAs prior to the availability of TDF or ETV, such as lamivudine (LAM) which has a low
genetic barrier to resistance.
ETV resistance increase up to 51% of patients after 5 years of ETV treatment in
lamivudine-refractory patients. Resistance to ETV appears to occur through a two-hit
mechanism with initial selection of M204V/I mutation followed by amino acid substitutions at
rtT184, rtS202, or rtM250.
In vitro studies showed that ETV-resistant mutations are susceptible to TDF, but there are
little clinical data on the efficacy of TDF monotherapy in patients with ETV-resistance.
On the other hand, there was a retrospective cohort study reporting that, with the
combination of TDF and ETV, most of patients became HBV DNA undetectable after median 6
months of treatment. Probability of reaching complete HBV DNA suppression was not decreased
in patients with ADV or ETV-resistance.
Thus, there is no consistent treatment recommendation for patients with ETV-resistance.
In this clinical trial, the investigators will clarify whether tenofovir monotherapy is as
effective as tenofovir plus entecavir in inducing complete virologic response in CHB
patients with genotypic resistance to ETV and partial virologic response to ongoing
treatment.
Clinical Details
Official title: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Open-label Trial of Tenofovir vs. Tenofovir Plus Entecavir in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Genotypic Resistance to Entecavir and Partial Virologic Response to Ongoing Treatment
Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: Proportion of patients with complete virologic response
Secondary outcome: Changes in serum HBV DNA levelsProportion of patients with normal ALT Proportion of patients with HBe-Ag loss or seroconversion Proportion of patients with resistance mutations to Entecavir or Tenofovir Proportion of patients with virologic breakthrough Proportion of patients with complete virologic response
Detailed description:
A multi-center randomized active-controlled open-label trial
- Patients will be randomly assigned 1: 1 to receive tenofovir (300 mg/day) or tenofovir
(300 mg/day) plus entecavir (1 mg/day) for 48 weeks.
- Because over 98% of Korean patients with CHB have HBV genotype C, HBV genotype will not
determined or be regarded as a stratification factor.
- Patients' treatment information before randomization will be retrospectively
collected.(DNA change, HBeAg status, HBsAg titre, ALT, and treatment duration. etc)
- Patients will be screened within 4 weeks before randomization to determine study
eligibility.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 20 Years.
Maximum age: 75 Years.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria: All of below
- Compensated liver disease (Child-Pugh class A)
- HBsAg positive at least 6 months or more
- HBeAg positive or negative
- Confirmation of resistance mutations to Lamivudine (rtM204V/I and/or rtL180M) and ETV
(rtT184 or rtS202 or rtM250) at any time before screening
- Serum HBV DNA ≥ 60 IU/mL despite continued preceding oral antiviral treatment (Serum
HBV DNA should be determined by the PCR assay at the local laboratory at screening
for this study)
- Patient is ambulatory.
- Patient is willing and able to comply with the study drug regimen and all other study
requirements.
- The patient is willing and able to provide written informed consent to participate in
the study.
Exclusion Criteria: Any of below
- Patient previously received TDF for more than 1 week
- Patient had documented resistance mutations to ADV at any time before or at screening
- Patient has a history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or findings suggestive of
possible HCC, such as suspicious foci on imaging studies. In patients with such
findings, HCC should be ruled-out prior to randomizing the patient for the present
study.
- Patient has received interferon or other immunomodulatory treatment for HBV infection
in the 12 months before screening for this study.
- Patient has concomitant other chronic viral infection (HCV or HIV)
- Patient has evidence of renal insufficiency defined as serum creatinine > 1. 5 mg/dL
- Patient has medical condition that requires concurrent use of systemic prednisolone
or other immunosuppressive agent (including chemotherapeutic agent)
- Patient is currently abusing alcohol (more than 40 g/day) or illicit drugs, or has a
history of alcohol abuse or illicit substance abuse within the preceding two years.
- Patient is pregnant or breastfeeding or willing to be pregnant
- Patient has one or more additional known primary or secondary causes of liver
disease, other than hepatitis B (e. g., alcoholism, autoimmune hepatitis, malignancy
with hepatic involvement, hemochromatosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson's
Disease, other congenital or metabolic conditions affecting the liver, congestive
heart failure or other severe cardiopulmonary disease, etc.).
- A history of treated malignancy (other than hepatocellular carcinoma) is allowable if
the patient's malignancy has been in complete remission, off chemotherapy and without
additional surgical intervention, during the preceding three years.
- Clinical signs of decompensated liver disease as indicated by any one of the
following:
1. serum bilirubin > 3 mg/dL
2. prothrombin time > 6 seconds prolonged or INR >1. 5
3. serum albumin < 2. 8 g/dL
4. History of ascites, variceal hemorrhage, or hepatic encephalopathy
5. Child-Pugh score ≥7
Locations and Contacts
Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Korea, Republic of
Additional Information
Starting date: September 2012
Last updated: June 24, 2015
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