Comparison of Two Macrolides, Azithromycin and Erythromycin, for Symptomatic Treatment of Gastroparesis
Information source: University of Florida
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Gastroparesis
Intervention: Erythromycin (Drug); Azithromycin (Drug)
Phase: Phase 2
Status: Terminated
Sponsored by: University of Florida Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s): Baharak Moshiree, MD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: University of Florida
Summary
Erythromycin is effectively used in the treatment of Gastroparesis (GP) patients. In
susceptible patients however, it has been associated with sudden cardiac death due to
prolongation of QT intervals and subsequent cardiac risks through its interaction some other
drugs. Azithromycin (AZI) is a macrolide antibiotic but does not have the mentioned druf
interactions , has fewer gastrointestinal side effects, and fewer risks of QT prolongation
and cardiac arrhythmias. Consequently, AZI avoids drawbacks of dosing with erythromycin and
may be preferred as a prokinetic agent in patients on other concomitant medications.
We hope to demonstrate the effectiveness of Azithromycin (AZI) as compared to Erythromycin
in the treatment of Gastroparesis (GP), and later, form the framework for larger
randomized-controlled parallel studies to investigate use of AZI for treatment of GP.
Our novel hypothesis is to determine whether AZI can be used to treat GP.
Clinical Details
Official title: Comparison of Two Macrolides, Azithromycin and Erythromycin, for Symptomatic Treatment of Gastroparesis
Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: Time in Minutes for 50% of the Ingested Meal to Empty the Stomach With a Standardized Breath Test: Half the of the Week 11 Value (Period 2) Less Half the of the Week 4 Value (Period 1). This Estimates the Effect Size.Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) Score
Secondary outcome: NDI ScoreTLAG (Time From Ingestion of Meal to Start of Gastric Emptying) Change in Time to 50% Gastric Emptying: Post Test Less Baseline Pooled Over Orderings Change in Time to 50% Emptying: Post Test Less Baseline Pooled Over Orderings Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) Score Change From Baseline to Post Treatment Does GCSI Score Improve (Lower) on Treatment, Pooling the AZ Patients Over Their Treatment Periods? Endpoint is Difference in Post-test Less Baseline
Detailed description:
Gastroparesis (GP) is a chronic gastrointestinal motility disorder resulting from delayed
transit of gastric contents from the stomach into the duodenum in the absence of mechanical
outlet obstruction. The symptoms of GP are variable but include early satiety, bloating,
nausea, vomiting, and epigastric abdominal pain. Although the true prevalence of the
disorder is unknown, symptoms suggestive of GP are present in 7-15% of the population with
an estimated one-third of diabetic patients in tertiary care settings having abnormal
gastric emptying studies. Yet, despite the significant healthcare and economic costs due to
frequent hospitalization in these patients, treatment of GP is difficult due to the lack of
available treatment options and the often potential side effects of available prokinetic
agents, including cardiac side effects such as QT prolongation, sudden cardiac death, and
torsade de pointes.
One such medication used for treatment of GP is erythromycin. Erythromycin has its
drawbacks. Several reports of cardiac arrhythmias associated with use of either oral or
intravenous (IV) Erythromycin have been reported. This finding sparked our interest in
another macrolide, Azithromycin (AZI), which does not have the drug-drug interactions as
seen with erythromycin and is not metabolized by the CYP3A inhibitors, therefore having
fewer cardiac side effects.
In This study our primary goal is to determine whether AZI can be used to treat GP.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 18 Years.
Maximum age: 65 Years.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
- presenting to gastroenterology motility specialty clinics at the University of
Florida (UF), who meet the clinical and radiologic diagnostic criteria for diagnosis
of GP
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any history of mechanical obstruction
- Gastrointestinal malignancy
- Current use of prokinetics such as cisapride, pimozide, or anticholinergic
medication which cannot be discontinued 72 hrs prior to study
- Abnormal upper endoscopy with finding of erosions or ulcerations
- Helicobacter pylori infection in past 6 months
- Recent abdominal surgery < 6 months
- Cardiac history with EKG finding of QTC > 450 done on a screening test
- Detected renal or hepatic dysfunction described as a GFR <10 ml/min and ALT/AST
values > 2 times the normal level in our laboratory
- Allergy to macrolide antibiotics
- Psychiatric history other than anxiety or depression
- Predominant symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome such as constipation or diarrhea
- Uncontrolled diabetes with fasting blood glucose levels > 180 mg/dL, due to effect of
hyperglycemia on gastric emptying. For patients with diabetes, blood glucose levels
will be recorded in a patient diary.
- Pregnant or nursing females
- Any history of myasthenia gravis
- Current use of Coumadin, lovastatin, simvastatin Nelfinavir, theophylline, digoxin,
ergotamine/dihydroergotamine products, benzodiazepines, and sildenafil (this will be
discontinued for the duration of the clinical trial if subject is on this
medication).
- History of elevated liver function studies or CPKs.
- Pregnancy : A urine pregnancy test will be performed at the beginning of each
treatment period and only subjects who are not pregnant will be enrolled for the
study.
Locations and Contacts
University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
Additional Information
Related publications: Ray WA, Murray KT, Meredith S, Narasimhulu SS, Hall K, Stein CM. Oral erythromycin and the risk of sudden death from cardiac causes. N Engl J Med. 2004 Sep 9;351(11):1089-96. Frank L, Kleinman L, Ganoczy D, McQuaid K, Sloan S, Eggleston A, Tougas G, Farup C. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms in North America: prevalence and relationship to healthcare utilization and quality of life. Dig Dis Sci. 2000 Apr;45(4):809-18. Talley NJ, Locke GR 3rd, Lahr BD, Zinsmeister AR, Tougas G, Ligozio G, Rojavin MA, Tack J. Functional dyspepsia, delayed gastric emptying, and impaired quality of life. Gut. 2006 Jul;55(7):933-9. Epub 2005 Dec 1. Soykan I, Sivri B, Sarosiek I, Kiernan B, McCallum RW. Demography, clinical characteristics, psychological and abuse profiles, treatment, and long-term follow-up of patients with gastroparesis. Dig Dis Sci. 1998 Nov;43(11):2398-404. Wisialowski T, Crimin K, Engtrakul J, O'Donnell J, Fermini B, Fossa AA. Differentiation of arrhythmia risk of the antibacterials moxifloxacin, erythromycin, and telithromycin based on analysis of monophasic action potential duration alternans and cardiac instability. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jul;318(1):352-9. Epub 2006 Apr 13. Milberg P, Eckardt L, Bruns HJ, Biertz J, Ramtin S, Reinsch N, Fleischer D, Kirchhof P, Fabritz L, Breithardt G, Haverkamp W. Divergent proarrhythmic potential of macrolide antibiotics despite similar QT prolongation: fast phase 3 repolarization prevents early afterdepolarizations and torsade de pointes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):218-25. Choi MG, Camilleri M, Burton DD, Zinsmeister AR, Forstrom LA, Nair KS. [13C]octanoic acid breath test for gastric emptying of solids: accuracy, reproducibility, and comparison with scintigraphy. Gastroenterology. 1997 Apr;112(4):1155-62. Ziegler D, Schadewaldt P, Pour Mirza A, Piolot R, Schommartz B, Reinhardt M, Vosberg H, Brösicke H, Gries FA. [13C]octanoic acid breath test for non-invasive assessment of gastric emptying in diabetic patients: validation and relationship to gastric symptoms and cardiovascular autonomic function. Diabetologia. 1996 Jul;39(7):823-30. Bromer MQ, Kantor SB, Wagner DA, Knight LC, Maurer AH, Parkman HP. Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying with a simple muffin meal using [13C]octanoate breath test and scintigraphy in normal subjects and patients with dyspeptic symptoms. Dig Dis Sci. 2002 Jul;47(7):1657-63. Ghoos YF, Maes BD, Geypens BJ, Mys G, Hiele MI, Rutgeerts PJ, Vantrappen G. Measurement of gastric emptying rate of solids by means of a carbon-labeled octanoic acid breath test. Gastroenterology. 1993 Jun;104(6):1640-7. Nyrén O, Adami HO, Bates S, Bergström R, Gustavsson S, Lööf L, Sjödén PO. Self-rating of pain in nonulcer dyspepsia. A methodological study comparing a new fixed-point scale and the visual analogue scale. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1987 Aug;9(4):408-14. Chey WD, Shapiro B, Zawadski A, Goodman K. Gastric emptying characteristics of a novel (13)C-octanoate-labeled muffin meal. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 May-Jun;32(5):394-9. Lee JS, Camilleri M, Zinsmeister A, et al. Accurate simple measurement of gastric emptying by 13C octanoic acid breath test (OBT) in diabetes. Gastroenterology 1999; 116: G4207. Ware JE Jr, Snow KK, Kosinski M, Gandek B. SF-36 Health Survey: Manual and Interpretation Guide. Boston, MA: The Health Institute, New England Medical Center, 1993. Talley NJ, Haque M, Wyeth JW, Stace NH, Tytgat GN, Stanghellini V, Holtmann G, Verlinden M, Jones M. Development of a new dyspepsia impact scale: the Nepean Dyspepsia Index. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Feb;13(2):225-35.
Starting date: February 2009
Last updated: December 4, 2014
|