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Oseltamivir Treatment for Children Less Than 24 Months of Age With Influenza

Information source: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015
Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.

Condition(s) targeted: Influenza

Intervention: oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) (Drug)

Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2

Status: Completed

Sponsored by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Summary

The purpose of this study is to learn how to treat influenza in children less than 2 years of age. Tamiflu®, the drug being studied, is approved for treatment of children 1 year of age and older with influenza. Researchers want to learn more about the activity of Tamiflu® in the body to determine a dose of that is safe, well-tolerated, and effective in young children with influenza. Children less than 24 months of age with confirmed influenza will receive Tamiflu® 2 times a day for 5 days. Older participants will be enrolled first and younger children will be enrolled after the safety data is reviewed for older participants. Study procedures include blood samples, swabs from inside the nose, and body and nervous system evaluations. Participants may be involved in study related procedures for up to 37 days.

Clinical Details

Official title: A Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic and Safety Evaluation of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) for the Treatment of Children Less Than 24 Months of Age With Confirmed Influenza Infection (CASG 114)

Study design: Allocation: Non-Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacokinetics/Dynamics Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Primary outcome: Oseltamivir Carboxylate AUC12 (Area Under the Curve).

Secondary outcome:

Overall Reported Adverse Events (AEs) Thought to be Associated With Study Therapy.

Number and Characteristics of Adverse Events (AEs) Described as Neurological Events.

Incidence of Treatment Emergent AEs and Drug Related AEs by Cohort and Toxicity Grade

Incidence of Treatment Emergent AEs and Drug Related AEs by Cohort Leading to Discontinuation of Study Medication

Incidence of All Serious Adverse Events by Cohort and System Organ Class (SOC)

Correlation of Clearance of Viral RNA by Culture With Pharmacokinetic Parameters by Cohort

Correlation of Clearance of Viral RNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to Pharmacokinetic Parameters by Cohort.

Detailed description: Oseltamivir is approved for prophylaxis and treatment of children 1 year of age and older with influenza. Influenza treatments for children under the age of 1 year are needed because mortality from influenza is high among this age group, even when there are no underlying medical conditions. Oseltamivir is frequently used off-label in children less than 1 year of age, with no data supporting the doses being used. Given the risk of severe or fatal influenza infection in infants, the lack of repeat dose pharmacokinetic (PK) data in children less than 2, the need for treatments in this population of children, and the fact that oseltamivir is being used off-label in this population, the current study will systematically study the PK and safety of oseltamivir in children less than 2 years of age with confirmed influenza to determine the appropriate dose to be used in these age groups. This data will be critical to pediatricians caring for these potentially gravely ill infants. This study is a prospective, age-stratified PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) and safety evaluation of oseltamivir therapy in children less than 24 months of age with confirmed influenza infection. Participants will be stratified by age into the following enrollment scheme at study initiation: 12-23 months (Cohort I), 9-11 months (Cohort II), 6-8 months (Cohort III), 3-5 months (Cohort IV) and 0-2 months (Cohort V). At study onset, Cohort II and III will be enrolled simultaneously. Cohorts IV and V will be enrolled sequentially by decreasing age groups predicated upon the PK and safety data from the preceding cohort. In the event of a public health emergency, the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) or Food and Drug Administration (FDA) may authorize the following modifications to the proposed enrollment plan: the opening of younger age cohorts without the full dataset from the next higher age cohort, the re-opening of previously closed cohorts to obtain additional data and/or the over-enrollment of any of the 5 cohorts. The oldest cohort (Cohort I) may be enrolled at any time during the study. The primary study objective is to define the PK of oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate in children with confirmed influenza less than 2 years of age. The oseltamivir dose initially evaluated in Cohort I was the approved dose of 30 mg twice a day (bid). However, the oseltamivir carboxylate area under the curve (AUC)12 values for 5 of the 9 subjects enrolled in Cohort I as of August 5, 2009, were below the lower range utilized for the other cohorts in the study, as was the GM AUC12 for Cohort I as a group [(2589 nanograms per hour per milliliter (ngxh/mL)]. As a consequence, the DSMB recommended on August 5, 2009, that the protocol be amended to utilize weight-based dosing of oseltamivir in subjects subsequently enrolled in Cohort I, and to employ the targeted AUC approach used for Cohorts II-V for this cohort as well. Based upon the PK data available as of that date, the initial weight-based dose to be evaluated for Cohort I is 3. 5 mg/kg bid. A dose of oseltamivir 3 mg/kg/dose orally bid for 5 days (10 doses) will be administered to the first 9 subjects in each of Cohorts II-III. Additional subjects may be enrolled if the target AUC12 range is not achieved. The proposed dose for subjects enrolled in Cohorts IV and V will be 3 mg/kg/dose orally bid for 5 days (10 doses), although this dose may be adjusted prior to opening Cohort IV or V based on the dose required to achieve the target oseltamivir carboxylate AUC12 range in the previous cohort.

Eligibility

Minimum age: N/A. Maximum age: 23 Months. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Signed informed consent from parent(s) or legal guardian(s).

- Age:

Cohort I: 12 - 23 mo. Cohort II: 9 - 11 mo. Cohort III: 6 - 8 mo. Cohort IV: 3 - 5 mo.

Cohort V: 0 - 2 mo.

- Confirmed laboratory diagnosis of influenza by viral culture or rapid influenza

diagnostic test within 96 hours prior to study enrollment.

- Duration of influenza symptoms less than or equal to 96 hours.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Concomitant vomiting illness that would preclude ability to take drug.

- Immunocompromised subject (e. g., malignancy, congenital agammaglobulinemia, HIV).

- Documented renal impairment (e. g., polycystic renal disease, nephrectomy, renal

transplantation, renal agenesis, dialysis requirement, renal failure, nephrotic syndrome at any time prior to enrollment, current receipt of diuretic therapy).

- Documented hepatic impairment (e. g., congenital hepatitis, biliary atresia,

cholelithiasis).

- Gastrointestinal abnormality which might hinder absorption of an oral medication.

- Current receipt of inotropic drugs (e. g., epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine,

dobutamine).

- History of seizures.

- Documented congenital malformations of the central nervous system defined at birth

(e. g., hydranencephaly, prosencephaly, spina bifida).

Locations and Contacts

Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval/ CHUQ, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada

University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35117, United States

University of Alberta Hospital - Pediatrics, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada

Arkansas Children's Hospital - Infectious Diseases, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202-3500, United States

Miller Children's Hospital Long Beach - Bickerstaff Family Center, Long Beach, California 90806-1701, United States

Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California 92868-3835, United States

Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California 92123-4223, United States

Children's Hospital Colorado - Infectious Disease, Aurora, Colorado 80045-7106, United States

Children's National Medical Center - Sheikh Zayed Campus - Infectious Disease, Washington, District of Columbia 20010-2916, United States

University of Florida - Shands Children's Hospital, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0296, United States

University of South Florida - Tampa General Hospital - Pediatrics, Tampa, Florida 33606-3438, United States

Emory Children's Center - Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia 30322-1014, United States

Emory University School of Medicine - Emory Children's Center - Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States

Louisiana State University Health Shreveport - Pediatrics, Shreveport, Louisiana 71103-4228, United States

University of Mississippi - Children's Infectious Diseases, Jackson, Mississippi 39216-4505, United States

Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis - Center for Clinical Studies, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110-1010, United States

University of Nebraska Medical Center - Children's Hospital and Medical Center - Infectious Diseases, Omaha, Nebraska 68114-4108, United States

Cohen Children's Medical Center - Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Manhasset, New York 11030-3816, United States

University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States

SUNY Upstate Medical University Hospital - Pediatrics, Syracuse, New York 13210-2342, United States

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center - Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3026, United States

MetroHealth Medical Center - Pediatric Infectious Disease, Cleveland, Ohio 44109-1998, United States

The Hospital for Sick Children - Infectious Diseases, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia - The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-3309, United States

Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC - General Academic Pediatric, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3205, United States

Rhode Island Hospital - Pediatrics, Providence, Rhode Island 02903-4923, United States

Vanderbilt University - Pediatric - Infectious Diseases, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0011, United States

Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas 75235-7708, United States

The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9063, United States

Cook Children's Infectious Disease Services, Fort Worth, Texas 76104-2710, United States

University of Utah - Pediatric Pharmacology Program, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1457, United States

Seattle Children's Hospital - Infectious Diseases, Seattle, Washington 98105-3901, United States

Additional Information

Starting date: January 2007
Last updated: April 25, 2013

Page last updated: August 23, 2015

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