A Randomized Trial of 24-Week Versus 48-Week Courses of Peginterferon Plus Ribavirin for HCV Genotype-1 Patients

Condition(s) targeted: Chronic Hepatitis C; Genotype

Intervention: pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavirin (Drug); Pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin (Drug)

Phase: Phase 4

Status: Completed

Sponsored by: Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital

Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s):
Ming-Lung Yu, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Kaohsiung Medical University
Chia-Yen Dai, MD, Ms, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital
Chang-Fu Chiu, MD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Paochien Hospital
Jee-Fu Huang, MD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Foo Yin Hospital

The purposes of this study are:

1. To evaluate whether treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin for 24 weeks is sufficient to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) rate comparable to that observed with the standard treatment duration of 48 weeks, in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (HCV-1) patients achieving a rapid virologic response (RVR; <50 IU/mL HCV RNA at week 4) at 4 weeks.

2. To investigate the role of on-treatment virological responses among patients with 24 or 48 weeks treatment.

Official title: A Randomized, Open Labeled, Active-Controlled Trial of 24-Week Versus 48-Week Courses of Peg-Interferon Alpha Plus Ribavirin for Genotype-1 Infected Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Study design: Treatment, Randomized, Open Label, Active Control, Parallel Assignment, Safety/Efficacy Study

Primary outcome: Efficacy - Sustained virological response (SVR), HCV RNA seronegative by PCR throughout 24-week off-treatment period.

Secondary outcome:

Safety - adverse event rate and profile

Early virological response (EVR), by PCR-negative or 2 logs decline from baseline at week 12

Rapid virologic response (RVR), HCV RNA seronegative by PCR at week 4.

Detailed description: Peginterferon and ribavirin combination treatment has been recommended for all patients infected with HCV, but the treatment duration varies depending on the HCV genotype. Recommended treatment for patients with HCV-1 infection is pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for 48 weeks and 24 weeks for HCV-2/3. A RVR is a strong predictor of SVR. Previous studies have demonstrated that for HCV-2/3 patients who had a RVR, a shorter duration of treatment with peginterferon plus standard dose of ribavirin over 14 weeks is as effective as a 24-week treatment regimen. These findings have questioned whether shorter treatment duration can yield high SVR rates for HCV-1 pts with an RVR.

The primary aim of the present study is to evaluate whether treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin for 24 weeks is sufficient to achieve an SVR rate comparable to that observed with the standard treatment duration of 48 weeks, in HCV-1 patients achieving an RVR at 4 weeks.

The secondary aim is to investigate the role of on-treatment virologic responses among patients with 24 or 48 weeks treatment.

Minimum age: 18 Years. Maximum age: 65 Years. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Male and female patients, 18-65 years of age

- Patients have never been treated with traditional interferon plus ribavirin or

peginterferon plus ribavirin

- Serologic evidence of chronic hepatitis C infection by an anti-HCV antibody test

- Detectable serum HCV-RNA and HCV viral genotype 1

- Liver biopsy findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C infection

with or without compensated cirrhosis (Exception: hemophiliacs in whom biopsy is medically contra-indicated do not require biopsy.)

- Elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels for at least two measurements within

6 months preceding the trial entry.

- Compensated liver disease (Child-Pugh Grade A clinical classification)

- Neutrophil count >1500/mm3, platelet count >9×104/mm3, hemoglobin level >12 g/dL for

men and >11 g/dL for women, serum creatinine level <1. 5 mg/dL

- Negative urine or blood pregnancy test (for women of childbearing potential)

documented within the 24-hour period prior to the first dose of study drug

- All fertile males and females receiving ribavirin must be using two forms of effective

contraception during treatment and during the 6 months after treatment end

Exclusion Criteria:

- Women with ongoing pregnancy or breast feeding

- Therapy with any systemic anti-neoplastic or immunomodulatory treatment (including

supraphysiologic doses of steroids and radiation) 6 months prior to the first dose of study drug

- Any investigational drug 6 weeks prior to the first dose of study drug

- Co-infection with active hepatitis A, hepatitis B and/or human immunodeficiency virus

(HIV)

- History or other evidence of a medical condition associated with chronic liver disease

other than HCV (e. g., hemochromatosis, autoimmune hepatitis, metabolic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, toxin exposures)

- Signs or symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma

- History or other evidence of bleeding from esophageal varices or other conditions

consistent with decompensated liver disease

- Neutrophil count <1500 cells/mm3 or platelet count <90,000 cells/mm3, Hgb <11 g/dL in

women or <12 g/dL in men at screening

- Any patient with major thalassemia

- Serum creatinine level >1. 5 times the upper limit of normal at screening

- History of severe psychiatric disease, especially depression. Severe psychiatric

disease is defined as treatment with an antidepressant medication or a major tranquilizer at therapeutic doses for major depression or psychosis, respectively, for at least 3 months at any previous time or any history of the following: a suicidal attempt, hospitalization for psychiatric disease, or a period of disability due to a psychiatric disease

- History of a severe seizure disorder or current anticonvulsant use

- History of immunologically mediated disease, chronic pulmonary disease associated with

functional limitation, severe cardiac disease, major organ transplantation or other evidence of severe illness, malignancy, or any other conditions which would make the patient, in the opinion of the investigator, unsuitable for the study

- History of thyroid disease poorly controlled on prescribed medications, elevated

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations with elevation of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and any clinical manifestations of thyroid disease

- Evidence of severe retinopathy (e. g. CMV retinitis, macula degeneration)

- Evidence of drug abuse (including excessive alcohol consumption) within one year of

study entry

- Inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent or abide by the requirements of

the study

- Male partners of women who are pregnant

- Patients with documented or presumed coronary artery disease or cerebrovascular

disease should not be enrolled if, in the judgment of the investigator, an acute decrease in hemoglobin by up to 4 g/dL (as may be seen with ribavirin therapy) would not be well-tolerated

- Patients with HCV genotype other than 1

Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

Related publications:

Dalgard O, Bjoro K, Hellum KB, Myrvang B, Ritland S, Skaug K, Raknerud N, Bell H. Treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavarin in HCV infection with genotype 2 or 3 for 14 weeks: a pilot study. Hepatology. 2004 Dec;40(6):1260-5.

Strader DB, Wright T, Thomas DL, Seeff LB; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2004 Apr;39(4):1147-71. No abstract available. Erratum in: Hepatology. 2004 Jul;40(1):269.

Hadziyannis SJ, Sette H Jr, Morgan TR, Balan V, Diago M, Marcellin P, Ramadori G, Bodenheimer H Jr, Bernstein D, Rizzetto M, Zeuzem S, Pockros PJ, Lin A, Ackrill AM; PEGASYS International Study Group. Peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C: a randomized study of treatment duration and ribavirin dose. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Mar 2;140(5):346-55.

Fried MW, Shiffman ML, Reddy KR, Smith C, Marinos G, Goncales FL Jr, Haussinger D, Diago M, Carosi G, Dhumeaux D, Craxi A, Lin A, Hoffman J, Yu J. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2002 Sep 26;347(13):975-82.

Starting date: April 2005
Ending date: May 2007
Last updated: February 26, 2008