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Two-Stage Tuberculin (PPD) Skin Testing in Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection

Information source: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015
Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.

Condition(s) targeted: HIV Infections; Tuberculosis

Intervention: Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative (Drug)

Phase: N/A

Status: Completed

Sponsored by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s):
Thompson C, Study Chair
Gordin F, Study Chair

Summary

To quantitate in an HIV-infected population the percentage of patients demonstrating the "booster" phenomenon (attainment of a positive response to a second tuberculin purified protein derivative skin test when the first skin test was negative); to determine the relationship between the booster phenomenon and CD4-positive lymphocyte cell counts; to detect any relationship between the booster phenomenon and HIV exposure category. The accuracy of skin testing to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) infection is dependent upon the host's ability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction; however, the DTH response may be impaired or absent in patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity, a classic characteristic of HIV infection. Patients in whom immunity is diminished, but not absent, may test negative the first time a purified protein derivative skin test for MTb is administered, but if the same skin test is repeated, a positive DTH response may then be elicited. This occurrence is known as the "booster" phenomenon.

Clinical Details

Official title: Two-Stage Tuberculin (PPD) Skin Testing in Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection

Study design: Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Screening

Primary outcome: To estimate the percentage of HIV-infected individuals who demonstrate the booster effect

Secondary outcome:

To determine the relationships among the booster effect, CD4+ cell count, and other HIV-related patient characteristics

To determine the relationship of boosting to CD4+ cell counts, HIV exposure categories, demographics, and TB risk categories

To determine the relationship of induration size after the first PPD skin test to that after the second PPD skin test

Detailed description: The accuracy of skin testing to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) infection is dependent upon the host's ability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction; however, the DTH response may be impaired or absent in patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity, a classic characteristic of HIV infection. Patients in whom immunity is diminished, but not absent, may test negative the first time a purified protein derivative skin test for MTb is administered, but if the same skin test is repeated, a positive DTH response may then be elicited. This occurrence is known as the "booster" phenomenon. Patients who have had a negative purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test for M. tuberculosis within 7-28 days prior to study entry will receive a second PPD test by the Mantoux method (5 TU intradermally to the volar aspect of the forearm). Skin tests will be read 48-72 hours after application. Patients with a positive skin test (defined as an induration, or small hard knot, of 5 mm or greater forming beneath the skin) will be referred to their primary physicians for further evaluation.

Eligibility

Minimum age: 13 Years. Maximum age: N/A. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria Patients must have:

- HIV infection.

- Negative PPD skin test within previous 7-28 days.

Exclusion Criteria Concurrent Medication: Excluded:

- Steroids.

- Live viral vaccines.

- Antihistamines.

- Chemoprophylaxis or chemotherapy for suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.

Patients with the following prior conditions are excluded:

- History of documented positive PPD skin test.

- History of tuberculosis or who are presently receiving chemoprophylaxis or

chemotherapy for suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.

- History of sensitivity to tuberculin or components of PPD.

Prior Medication: Excluded:

- Live viral vaccine within the past 4 weeks.

- Steroid therapy within the past 4 weeks.

- Antihistamines within the past week.

- Chemoprophylaxis or chemotherapy for suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.

Locations and Contacts

Hill Health Corp, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States

Wilmington Hosp / Med Ctr of Delaware, Wilmington, Delaware 19899, United States

Veterans Administration Med Ctr / Regional AIDS Program, Washington, District of Columbia 20422, United States

AIDS Research Alliance - Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60657, United States

Louisiana Comm AIDS Rsch Prog / Tulane Univ Med, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States

Comprehensive AIDS Alliance of Detroit, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States

Henry Ford Hosp, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States

North Jersey Community Research Initiative, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States

Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr, Bronx, New York 10456, United States

Addiction Research and Treatment Corp, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States

Clinical Directors Network of Region II, New York, New York 10011, United States

Harlem AIDS Treatment Group / Harlem Hosp Ctr, New York, New York 10037, United States

Portland Veterans Adm Med Ctr / Rsch & Education Grp, Portland, Oregon 97210, United States

Richmond AIDS Consortium, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States

Additional Information

Related publications:

Thompson C, Gordin F, Muth K, Daniels K, Matts J, Maiatico G, Deyton L. Two stage tuberculin (PPD) skin testing in individuals with HIV infection. Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(3):140 (abstract no PuB 7546)

Webster CT, Gordin FM, Matts JP, Korvick JA, Miller C, Muth K, Brown LS, Besch CL, Kumi JO, Salveson C, et al. Two-stage tuberculin skin testing in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Mar;151(3 Pt 1):805-8.


Last updated: September 28, 2013

Page last updated: August 23, 2015

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