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Dopamine D2 and D3 Receptor Occupancy and Clinical Response in Older Patients With Schizophrenia

Information source: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015
Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.

Condition(s) targeted: Schizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder; Schizophreniform Disorder

Intervention: risperidone (Drug)

Phase: N/A

Status: Recruiting

Sponsored by: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s):
David Mamo, MD, MSc, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Ariel Graff-Guerrero, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Overall contact:
Ariel Graff-Guerrero, MD, PhD, Phone: 416-535-8501, Ext: 34834, Email: ariel.graff@camh.ca

Summary

This study will provide information regarding dopamine D2/D3 occupancy related with clinical/adverse effects in older people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The results of this study will also show an appropriate dose range in order to evade undesirable adverse effects while deriving therapeutic effects, which will directly serve to guide physicians in clinical practice. Furthermore, the findings of this study will elucidate mechanisms underlying older people's increased sensitivity to antipsychotic drugs. In addition, the contribution of D2 and D3 in mediating antipsychotic response will be contrasted, using 2 radiotracers, which has never been tested in an older population. The hypotheses are as follows: First, clinical response (i. e., a ≥ 20% decrease in the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale total score) will be achieved in older patients with occupancy that is lower than the threshold of 60% in historical young controls. Second, prolactin elevation and EPS will be detected in older patients with occupancies that are lower than the thresholds of 72 and 78% reported in historical young controls. Third, dopamine D2 receptor occupancy will be inversely correlated with subjective well-beings. Fourth, the binding potential and receptor occupancy will be at least 20% lower with [11C]-(+)-PHNO than with [11C]-raclopride in the caudate/putamen. Fifth, the binding of [11C]-(+)-PHNO in the globus pallidus will be higher than that of [11C]-raclopride.

Clinical Details

Official title: Dopamine D2 and D3 Receptor Occupancy and Clinical Response in Older Patients With Schizophrenia

Study design: Endpoint Classification: Pharmacokinetics/Dynamics Study, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Primary outcome: The occupancy of risperidone at the D2 and D3 receptor, using [11C]-raclopride and [11C]-(+)-PHNO, respectively.

Secondary outcome: Plasma levels of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone

Detailed description: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies have demonstrated that a therapeutic window of dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy (60-80%) is associated with clinical response in younger patients with schizophrenia. This observation has been used to predict the therapeutic dose range and contributed to current recommended antipsychotic doses. To date, there is no published report to examine D2/3 receptor occupancy associated with clinical response in older individuals with primary psychotic disorders. This has has impeded the implementation of treatment guidelines. The investigators therefore propose a prospective study to assess dopamine D2 and D3 receptor occupancy following acute antipsychotic treatment in patients aged 50 and older with schizophrenia who do not currently receive antipsychotic treatment, using both [11C]-(+)-PHNO and [11C]-raclopride PET scans. Dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy of risperidone that are associated with clinical effects will be measured, using PET, in older patients with schizophrenia. The investigators will also try to contrast the contribution of D2 and D3 in mediating antipsychotic response, using 2 radiotracers. Our primary goal is to relate changes in clinical outcome, including subjective and objective clinical ratings, to dopamine D2 and D3 receptor occupancy in older patients with schizophrenia, and compare these results with the data for younger patients in the literature.

Eligibility

Minimum age: 50 Years. Maximum age: N/A. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Age of 50 and older at time of scanning

- Inpatients or outpatients

- DSM-IV/SCID diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or schizophreniform

disorder

- Having NOT been treated with oral antipsychotic treatment for at least 2 weeks or

long-acting antipsychotics for at least 6 months (Please note that patients will not be withdrawn from antipsychotic medications for the purpose of meeting inclusion criteria for this study). Exclusion Criteria:

- Known history of intolerance or inefficacy to risperidone

- Participation in this study would result in exceeding the annual radiation dose

limits (20 mSv) for human subjects participating in research studies.

- Substance abuse or dependence (within past six months)

- Positive urine drug screen

- Positive serum pregnancy test at screening or positive urine pregnancy test before

PET scan

- Metal implants or a pace-maker that would preclude the MRI scan

- History of head trauma resulting in loss of consciousness >30 minutes that required

medical attention

- Unstable physical illness or significant neurological disorder including a seizure

disorder

- Inappropriate size of head, neck, and body to be able to fit the PET and MRI scans

Locations and Contacts

Ariel Graff-Guerrero, MD, PhD, Phone: 416-535-8501, Ext: 34834, Email: ariel.graff@camh.ca

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada; Recruiting
Bruce Pollock, MD, PhD, Sub-Investigator
Benoit Mulsant, MD, MSc, Sub-Investigator
Shinichiro Nakajima, MD, PhD, Sub-Investigator
Additional Information

Information about research at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Starting date: December 2008
Last updated: August 21, 2015

Page last updated: August 23, 2015

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