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Effectiveness of Amantadine Hydrochloride for Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Information source: JFK Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015
Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.

Condition(s) targeted: Traumatic Brain Injury

Intervention: Amantadine Hydrochloride (Drug); Placebo (Drug)

Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3

Status: Completed

Sponsored by: JFK Medical Center

Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s):
Joseph T. Giacino, Ph.D., Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital
John Whyte, MD, Ph.D., Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute

Summary

This is a controlled trial of amantadine to improve level of function following severe traumatic brain injury. The purpose of this study is: 1. To determine whether amantadine hydrochloride, given in a dose of 200-400 mg, improves functional recovery from the vegetative and minimally conscious states 2. To determine whether amantadine-related gains in function persist following drug discontinuation 3. To determine the safety profile of amantadine in patients with disorders of consciousness

Clinical Details

Official title: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Amantadine Hydrochloride in Promoting Recovery of Function Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment

Primary outcome: Disability Rating Scale: Functional Status

Secondary outcome: JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: Neurobehavioral Status

Detailed description: Severe traumatic brain injury may result in severe disorders of consciousness (DOC), including coma, the vegetative state (VS) and the minimally conscious state (MCS). The longer the duration of impaired consciousness, the worse the ultimate functional prognosis, with only about half of those individuals who remain unconscious for a month post-TBI regaining consciousness within a year. The severe functional disability associated with prolonged DOC places enormous emotional, financial, ethical, and logistical strains on caregivers and major resource demands on society. Numerous treatments have been recommended to hasten the return of consciousness or improve the ultimate level of recovery, including various psychotropic drugs, "coma stimulation" therapy and others. However, none of these treatments has proven efficacy in well-controlled research. The main obstacles to Class I evidence in this area have been the small samples of individuals with serious DOC in individual facilities, the variability of recovery trajectories within this heterogeneous population, and the reluctance to undertake placebo controlled trials. In the proposed study, 7 facilities (including two with TBI Model Systems designations) that participated in a multi-center research network called the Consciousness Consortium, join with four additional brain injury rehabilitation centers (two in the U. S. and two in Europe) and a Data Coordinating Center at Columbia University, to conduct a prospective double blind randomized controlled trial of amantadine hydrochloride. 184 patients who remain in VS or

MCS 4 - 16 weeks post-TBI will be randomized in a stratified fashion to 4 weeks of

amantadine (200 - 400 mg/day) vs. placebo, followed by a 2-week washout period. The

Disability Rating Scale (DRS) will be the primary dependent variable with the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) serving as a supplementary measure. We hypothesize superior recovery in the amantadine group and maintenance of that advantage after washout. We will also explore whether treatment response differs by time post-injury and by diagnosis (i. e., VS or MCS) at treatment onset, and whether specific outcomes of importance to caregivers are achieved more often in the amantadine group. We have developed plans for intensive education of caregivers and clinicians about this study to address perceived barriers to enrollment and will also use the information gathered during these interactions to develop consumer-oriented dissemination activities. Project outputs and findings will be disseminated to appropriate consumer and professional audiences using a variety of formats and will include: (1) improved family member understanding of DOC which will facilitate improved adjustment and caregiving and (2) clear guidance to clinicians regarding the effectiveness of amantadine for persons with DOC.

Eligibility

Minimum age: 16 Years. Maximum age: 65 Years. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Individuals between ages 16 and 65 with traumatic brain injury as defined by the TBI

Model System syllabus (i. e., damage to brain tissue caused by an external mechanical force as evidenced by loss of consciousness or post-traumatic amnesia due to brain trauma, skull fracture, or objective neurological findings that can be reasonably attributed to TBI on physical or mental status examination).

- Individuals are at least 4 weeks but less than 16 weeks post-injury and have a

Disability Rating Scale (DRS) score at enrollment of 12 or greater, and no consistent command following or functional communication (as defined by the JFK. Exclusion Criteria:

- Women who are pregnant,

- Individuals with missile-type penetrating brain injury,

- Premorbid major CNS/developmental abnormality (e. g., mental retardation, prior

significant brain damage, etc.),

- History of more than 1 seizure (clinical or electrographic, but not including

epileptiform or other irritative discharges) in the 4 weeks prior to enrollment (individuals with premorbid idiopathic epilepsy are eligible to enroll under two conditions: a) if their pre-injury seizure frequency was less than once/month and they have had no more than 1 seizure/month since injury and b) if a clear provocation was present that would otherwise disqualify a subject, the subject can be enrolled, since these events would not be considered idiopathic),

- Prior exposure to AH post-TBI,

- Unwillingness to discontinue or change confounding psychotropic drugs prior to

enrollment, OR

- Allergy or medical contraindication to AH and significant impairment of renal

function (as evidenced by a calculated creatinine clearance of < 60 ml/min).

Locations and Contacts

Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre DK 2650, Denmark

Neurologische Klinik Bad Aibling, Bad Aibling 83043, Germany

Fachkrankenhaus Neresheim, Neresheim 73450, Germany

Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital, Braintree, Massachusetts 02184, United States

Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States

Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States

Sunnyview Rehabilitation Hospital, Schenectady, New York 12308, United States

Charlotte Rehabilitation Center, Charlotte, North Carolina 28203, United States

Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania 19027, United States

Bryn Mawr Rehabilitation Hospital, Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355, United States

Texas NeuroRehabilitation Center, Austin, Texas 78745, United States

Additional Information

Starting date: February 2003
Last updated: September 11, 2012

Page last updated: August 23, 2015

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