Oral Baclofen Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Children With Spasticity
Information source: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on October 04, 2010 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Spasticity; Cerebral Palsy
Intervention: baclofen (Drug)
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2
Status: Recruiting
Sponsored by: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s): Janice Brunstrom, MD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Washington University of St. Louis Richard Stevenson, MD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: University of Virginia
Overall contact: Janice Brunstrom, MD, Phone: 314-454-2312, Email: brunstromj@wustl.edu
Summary
Oral baclofen is used commonly to treat spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.
Although for adults there is dosing,safety and efficacy information in the package insert,
this is not the case for children. The purpose of this study is to determine how fast the
drug is cleared from the body, the correct dose, and long-term safety and efficacy for
children with spasticity.
Clinical Details
Official title: Pediatric Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Oral Baclofen for the Treatment of Spasticity Associated With Cerebral Palsy
Study design: Control: Active Control, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacokinetics/Dynamics Study, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: Determine pharmacokinetic parameters of oral baclofen in children with spasticity associated with cerebral palsy (CP).Describe the relationship between plasma concentrations of oral baclofen and clinical measures of spasticity. Determine optimal dosing range and interval for administration of oral baclofen for use in a randomized clinical trial of safety and efficacy.
Secondary outcome: Describe the relationship between plasma concentrations of oral baclofen and measures of strength, function, ease of care, pain/comfort and health related quality of life.Describe the safety and tolerability of oral baclofen in children with spasticity associated with CP. Investigate preliminarily whether oral baclofen improves dystonia
Detailed description:
Although oral baclofen has been used for several decades for the treatment of spasticity in
adults and in children, there is very little data regarding the pharmacokinetic (PK) or
pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of baclofen in children. Therefore, pediatric guidelines,
including dose ranges, dosing schedules, dose escalation strategies and anticipated side
effects are extrapolated from adult data and require an assumption that safety and efficacy
in children is comparable to that in adults. Furthermore, there is wide variability in
dosing strategies among practitioners who treat children with cerebral palsy (CP) with
respect to starting doses, maximum doses and rates of dose escalation. Establishment of safe
and effective dosing strategies for children with CP requires an understanding of the PK and
PD properties of baclofen in children and recognition of individual differences that may
contribute to divergent clinical responses to baclofen among children with CP.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 2 Years.
Maximum age: 16 Years.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Males and females aged 2-16 years, inclusive.
2. Triceps skinfold thickness between the 5th and 95th percentiles for age (Refer to
Appendix 3).
3. Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) Level II - V (GMFCS classifies
children by functional mobility with Level I indicating minimal motor disability and
V indicating total body involvement and dependence on others for mobility (Palisano
et al, 1997).
4. Ashworth score of 2 or higher in at least one arm and one leg (knee + elbow flexors
and/or extensors).
5. Cerebral Palsy: Motor disability due to a static, non-progressive brain injury/
malformation occurring prenatally or any time prior to the age of 2 years.
6. No history of baclofen use within the past 4 months.
7. Female subject, is premenarchal, or is incapable of pregnancy because of a
hysterectomy or tubal ligation; or female subject who is sexually active and capable
of pregnancy, has been using an acceptable method of contraception (hormonal
contraceptives, intrauterine device, spermicide and barrier) for at least one month
prior to study entry and agrees to continue to use one of these for the duration of
the study; or female subject who is sexually abstinent and capable of pregnancy,
agrees to continued abstinence or to use an acceptable method of birth control
(either intrauterine device or spermicide and barrier) should sexual activity
commence.
8. Subject ≥10 years of age has negative urine tests at screening and baseline for
alcohol, non-medically prescribed drugs of abuse, and no history of tobacco use.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Hypersensitivity to baclofen.
2. Selective dorsal rhizotomy.
3. Active intrathecal baclofen pump within the past 6 months.
4. Use of botulinum toxin in past 4 months or use any time during the study.
5. Use of tone altering medications (e. g. baclofen, benzodiazepines, levodopa,
trihexyphenidyl) for >3 consecutive days duration within the past 4 months.
6. Start of any drug or product known to be a significant cytochrome P450 enzyme inducer
or inhibitor within the past 30 days.
7. Orthopaedic surgery within the past year or any time during the study.
8. Abdominal surgery within the past six months or any time during the study.
9. Uncontrolled seizures (baseline seizure frequency >1 per month or history of more
than 2 prolonged seizures lasting longer than 5 minutes duration within the past
year.
10. Severe behavior difficulties or psychiatric disturbance
11. Proven gastric dysmotility: known history of abnormal gastric emptying study and/or
history of vomiting 3 or more times per week.
12. Severe Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: known history of esophagitis (documented on
abnormal endoscopy or biopsy).
13. Malnutrition: defined as triceps skin fold thickness less than 5th or greater than
95th percentile for age.
14. Renal or Liver disease: Elevated bilirubin, LFTs greater than twice the upper limit
of normal, reduced BUN/Cr ratio (<5), or abnormal creatinine clearance that is
clinically significant as determined by the investigator.
15. Abnormal CBC: Anemia, polycythemia, neutropenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, or
thrombocytosis clinically significant as determined by the investigator.
16. Pregnancy or lactation.
17. Severe respiratory or cardiac disease: Requirement for prolonged supplemental oxygen
(>7 days), history of clinically significant congenital heart disease, congestive
heart failure or cardiomegaly, and/or hospital admission within past 6 months for
cardiac symptoms or respiratory distress.
18. Previous baclofen failure: Lack of response to baclofen or presence of unacceptable
side effects. If previous baclofen therapy was tried >4 months prior to study
anddiscontinued, the decision to enroll subject will be at the discretion of the site
investigator and reason for discontinuation of oral baclofen will be recorded.
19. Use of medications that interfere with measurements of serum creatinine levels within
the past 14 days (e. g., trimethoprim-sulfa, fibric acid derivatives other than
gemfibrizol, keto acids, salicylates, some cephalosporins, cimetidine, phenacemide) .
20. Subject tests positive at screening for the hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis
C antibody, or has a history of a positive result for one of these tests.
21. Subject is known to have tested seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) or subject is concomitantly receiving anti-retroviral therapy.
22. Any serious, unstable medical illness or clinically significant abnormal laboratory
assessment that would adversely impact the scientific interpretability or unduly
increase the risks of the protocol.
23. Subject has a disorder or history of a condition, other than that related to CP that
could interfere with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion.
24. Any condition which would make the patient
Locations and Contacts
Janice Brunstrom, MD, Phone: 314-454-2312, Email: brunstromj@wustl.edu
Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; Recruiting Bev Tann, Phone: 312-238-2894, Email: btann@ric.org Deborah Gaebler-Spira, MD, Principal Investigator
Children's Hospital of Lousiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States; Completed
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States; Recruiting Michelle Campbell, Phone: 443-923-9145, Email: campbell@kennedykrieger.org Alexander Hoon Jr., MD, MPH, Principal Investigator
Gillette Children's Speciality Healthcare, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101, United States; Completed
Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States; Completed
Washington Univeristy - St. Louis Children's hospital, St. Louis, Missouri 63110-1093, United States; Recruiting Shellie Lackey, Phone: 314-454-5444, Email: lackeys@neuro.wustl.edu Janice Brunstrom-Hernandez, MD, Principal Investigator
SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States; Recruiting Maureen Butler, Phone: 315-464-6395, Email: butlermj@upstate.edu Nienke Dosa, MD, MPH, Principal Investigator
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, United States; Recruiting Lauren Martin, Phone: 513-636-7506, Email: lauren.martin@cchmc.org Jilda Vargus-Adams, MD, MSc, Principal Investigator
Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, United States; Completed
Kluge Children's Rehabilitation Center - University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States; Recruiting Stephanie Lowenhaupt, Phone: 434-982-6421, Email: sal3q@virginia.edu Richard Stevenson, MD, Principal Investigator
Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States; Completed
Additional Information
Starting date: November 2008
Last updated: August 31, 2010
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