Study of Varenicline (Champix) for Smoking Cessation/Reduction in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Information source: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Nicotine Dependence
Intervention: varenicline (Drug)
Phase: N/A
Status: Completed
Sponsored by: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s): Tony P George, MD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Summary
Bipolar Disorder is a chronic relapsing mental disorder characterized by periods of
elevated, expansive and irritable mood, often alternating with periods of significant
clinical depression. People with Bipolar Disorder are typically heavy smokers who have
difficulty quitting, and this is associated with significant tobacco-related medical illness
and death.
The proposed study will be a double-blind, placebo-controlled 10-week clinical trial of the
safety and efficacy of varenicline (Champix™) in thirty subjects with Bipolar I Disorder.
This medication is the latest first-line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and has been
shown to be efficacious for smoking cessation, but has not yet been systematically studied
in persons with Bipolar Disorder.
Clinical Details
Official title: A 10-Week Pilot Study of Varenicline (Champix) Versus Placebo for Smoking Cessation/Reduction in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: SafetySmoking cessation
Detailed description:
Varenicline (VAR) is a α4β2 central nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial
agonist. It is believed to mimic the effect of nicotine by stimulating nAChRs and releasing
sufficient dopamine in order to reduce craving and withdrawal effects. In the past two years
since the approval of VAR there have been some increasing concerns about this medication,
particularly in psychiatric smokers. Besides the typical side effects of nausea and
insomnia, it has been associated with treatment-emergent suicidality, aggression, psychosis,
and induction of hypomania or mania.
Study Design:
Thirty nicotine-dependent cigarette smokers with Bipolar I Disorder will be enrolled (N=30).
All subjects will be symptomatically stable prior to enrollment, and compliant with their
mood-stabilizer medication treatment to minimize the chances of adverse outcomes. The
treatment group would receive flexible doses of varenicline (VAR) ranging from one to four
capsules (0. 5-2. 0 mg) orally per day. The control group would receive one to four capsules
of placebo VAR (0 mg) orally per day. All subjects would receive weekly Cognitive Behavioral
Therapy (CBT) offered in group format to help them deal with tobacco cravings and mood
management. The target quit date would be set during Week 3 of the trial. Comprehensive
neuropsychological assessment and laboratory testing will be given at baseline and ten
weeks;
Hypotheses:
1. Varenicline will be superior to placebo for smoking cessation outcomes.
2. Varenicline will be well-tolerated and safe for use in Bipolar I smokers in comparison
to placebo.
3. Varenicline will reduce smoking indices (Carbon monoxide, cotinine) and have minimal
effects on psychiatric symptomatology in mood-stabilizer treated Bipolar I smoking
patients.
4. The presence of prefrontal cortical, impulsivity and attentional deficits on the
baseline neuropsychological battery will predict smoking cessation treatment failure in
Bipolar I smokers.
Significance:
- This would be the first placebo-controlled clinical trial using varenicline for the
treatment of tobacco dependence in people with Bipolar Disorder.
- There is an immense need for a safe and effective smoking cessation therapy for smokers
with bipolar illness. The co-morbidity between the major psychiatric disorders and
nicotine dependence has been well established. The prevalence of cigarette smoking in
patients with bipolar disorder is approximately 50-70% as compared to ~19% in the
Canadian population. Moreover, smokers with Bipolar Disorder suffer to a higher extent
from smoking-related illnesses than non-psychiatric smokers.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 18 Years.
Maximum age: 65 Years.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) derived DSM-IV diagnoses of Bipolar Disorder
(Type I or II), and Nicotine Dependence
- Young Mania Rating Scale Total Score <12 at study entry
- HAM-D 17-Item Score >5 and <24 at study entry
- Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score of 5 or higher
- Be able to provide informed consent to participate in this study as judged by
clinical evaluation, and scoring at least 80% on a post-consent "test"
- Smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day (confirmed by an expired breath CO level >10
ppm and a plasma cotinine level >150 ng/ml at baseline)
- Be motivated to quit smoking within 30 days of initial evaluation, as assessed by a
score of 7 or higher on the Contemplation Ladder assessment tool
- On a stable dose of a mood stabilizer for at least 1 month (e. g. lithium, valproate,
carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotic)
- Judged by the study psychiatrists and/or trained psychiatric clinicians to be in
remission from active manic, hypomanic, major depressive and psychotic symptoms based
on a clinical interview and SCID-IV ≥1 month prior to study enrollment
Exclusion Criteria:
- Meet criteria for current abuse or dependence for any other alcohol or illicit
substance within the past 3 months of study enrollment
- Current evidence by SCID-IV and clinical evaluation of suicidality, homicidality or
psychosis
- Meet DSM-IV criteria for current major depression at the time of baseline evaluation
- A history of hypersensitivity or other known adverse reactions (e. g.
hyperstimulation, severe agitation) to varenicline.
- Serious medical conditions (i. e. a history of severe cardiac, renal or hepatic
disease, diabetes mellitus or thyroid abnormalities)
- EKG abnormalities
- Prescription of Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs) including patches, gum,
lozenges or inhalers
- Prescription of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO-I's) including selegiline or
moclobemide
- Prescription of varenicline
- Prescription of bupropion SR
- The presence of manic, mixed manic or hypomanic symptoms in the past one month prior
to study enrollment.
- A lifetime history of antidepressant-induced mania or hypomania
- A history of suicidal ideation while taking antidepressants
Locations and Contacts
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1, Canada
Additional Information
Information about research at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada's largest mental health and addiction teaching hospital. It is fully affiliated with the University of Toronto, and is a PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre
Starting date: November 2009
Last updated: June 22, 2011
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