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Lovastatin: Immunomodulatory Value Evaluation

Information source: Universidad de Antioquia
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015
Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.

Condition(s) targeted: HIV Seropositivity

Intervention: Lovastatin (Drug); placebo (Other)

Phase: Phase 2

Status: Completed

Sponsored by: Universidad de Antioquia

Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s):
Carlos J Montoya, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Universidad de Antioquia
Maria T Rugeles, PhD, Study Chair, Affiliation: Universidad de Antioquia
Fabian A Jaimes, MD, PhD, Study Director, Affiliation: Universidad de Antioquia

Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the long-term administration of statins may benefit the clinical and immunological evolution in HIV-1-infected individuals before the use of antiretroviral therapy is required.

Clinical Details

Official title: Antiretroviral Effect of Lovastatin on HIV-1-infected Individuals Without Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART): A Phase-II Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)

Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Treatment

Primary outcome: 1. HIV-1 viral load measured as RNA copies per ml of peripheral blood 2. CD4 T-cell count measured as cells per ul of peripheral blood

Secondary outcome: CD8+ T cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, Expression of CD38 and HLA-DR, Total serum cholesterol, Cellular cholesterol, Activity of LFA-1 and ICAM-1, Activity of Rho GTPases, Monthly frequency of AIDS defining diseases, hospitalization and mortality

Detailed description: Despite the fact that HAART produces a decrease in HIV-1 replication and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels, and allows an increase in the CD4 T-cell count that leads to a diminution in the incidence of opportunistic infections and mortality, the cost and complexity of HAART regimens, the growing list of long-term side effects, and the eventual development of resistance have underscored the immediate need for additional therapeutic approaches. Statins exert pleiotropic effects through a variety of mechanisms, among which there are several immunological effects that are related and unrelated to their cholesterol-lowering activity. HIV-1 requires cholesterol and lipid rafts for several key stages of its replication cycle; statins-mediated depletion of cholesterol alters the capacity of a cell to form lipid rafts and decreases the HIV-1 infectivity. On the other hand, statins may exert significant modulator effects in the balance of the cytokine network, and alter the activity of Rho GTPases and LFA-1 and ICAM-1 adhesion molecules. Preliminary studies showed that statins (Lovastatin) had anti HIV-1 activity, and that its administration was safe and efficient to control HIV-1 infection in chronically infected individuals who did not receive HAART (in terms of decreasing viral load and increasing CD4 T-cell count). Because very limited clinical data are available on this topic, this study will be conducted.

Eligibility

Minimum age: 18 Years. Maximum age: N/A. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive individuals, with age ≥ 18 years, who are HAART naive

- HIV-1 infection confirmed by:

- positive Western-blot test dated at least six months before admission to the

study;

- a Western-blot test within the last six months, which was also positive for the

p31 and p66 bands

- Detectable viral load < 100,000 copies/ml

- CD4+ T cell count ≥ 350 cells/ul

Exclusion Criteria:

- Inability or unwillingness of patients to give written informed consent.

- Main residence outside Medellin and its metropolitan area, or any indication of

difficulties in the follow-up period

- Participation in other clinical trials

- Evidence that the patient will exhibit low adherence to intervention and follow-up

(Morisky-Green test)

- Pregnancy or breastfeeding

- Any type of antiretroviral treatment before admission to the study, and therapy with

lipid-lowering drugs during the last six months

- Antecedents of allergy, contraindications or intolerance to statins

- Patients receiving medications which can generate relevant interactions with

lovastatin: clarithromycin, erythromycin, azithromycin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefodozone, cimetidine, rifampin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, phenytoin.

- Unwillingness to avoid the consumption of Citrus paradise (grapefruit juice) or Saint

John's Wort (Hypericum)

- Opportunistic infections or any type of AIDS-defining disease

- Chronic active hepatitis (B or C)

- Any hepatocellular disease, indicated by elevation of liver enzymes (AST or ALT) more

than twice the reference value

- Renal failure, indicated by serum creatinine ≥ 2 mg/dl

- Myopathy, indicated by an elevation of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) more than five

times the reference values

- Infection or acute disease that requires in-patient treatment

- Active substance-related disorders

Locations and Contacts

Group of Immunovirology, Research Universitary Center, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia
Additional Information

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