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Ziac (Bisoprolol Fumarate / Hydrochlorothiazide) - Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

 
 



ADVERSE REACTIONS

ZIAC

Bisoprolol fumarate/HCTZ 6.25 mg is well tolerated in most patients. Most adverse effects (AEs) have been mild and transient. In more than 65,000 patients treated worldwide with bisoprolol fumarate, occurrences of bronchospasm have been rare. Discontinuation rates for AEs were similar for bisoprolol fumarate/HCTZ 6.25 mg and placebo-treated patients.

In the United States, 252 patients received bisoprolol fumarate (2.5, 5, 10, or 40 mg)/HCTZ 6.25 mg and 144 patients received placebo in two controlled trials. In Study 1, bisoprolol fumarate 5/HCTZ 6.25 mg was administered for 4 weeks. In Study 2, bisoprolol fumarate 2.5, 10, or 40/HCTZ 6.25 mg was administered for 12 weeks. All adverse experiences, whether drug related or not, and drug related adverse experiences in patients treated with bisoprolol fumarate 2.5-10/HCTZ 6.25 mg, reported during comparable, 4 week treatment periods by at least 2% of bisoprolol fumarate/HCTZ 6.25 mg-treated patients (plus additional selected adverse experiences) are presented in the following table:

% of Patients with Adverse Experiences 1
Body System/ Adverse Experience All Adverse Experiences Drug Related Adverse Experiences
Placebo 2 B2.5-40/H6.25 Placebo B2.5-10/H6.25
(n=144) (n=252) (n=144) (n=221)
% % % %
Cardiovascular
bradycardia 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.9
arrhythmia 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.0
peripheral ischemia 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.4
chest pain 0.7 1.8 0.7 0.9
Respiratory
bronchospasm 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
cough 1.0 2.2 0.7 1.5
rhinitis 2.0 0.7 0.7 0.9
URI 2.3 2.1 0.0 0.0
Body as a Whole
asthenia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
fatigue 2.7 4.6 1.7 3.0
peripheral edema 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.9
Central Nervous System
dizziness 1.8 5.1 1.8 3.2
headache 4.7 4.5 2.7 0.4
Musculoskeletal
muscle cramps 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.1
myalgia 1.4 2.4 0.0 0.0
Psychiatric
insomnia 2.4 1.1 2.0 1.2
somnolence 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.9
loss of libido 1.2 0.4 1.2 0.4
impotence 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.1
Gastrointestinal
diarrhea 1.4 4.3 1.2 1.1
nausea 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9
dyspepsia 0.7 1.2 0.7 0.9

1 Averages adjusted to combine across studies.
2 Combined across studies.

Other adverse experiences that have been reported with the individual components are listed below.

Bisoprolol Fumarate

In clinical trials worldwide, or in postmarketing experience, a variety of other AEs, in addition to those listed above, have been reported. While in many cases it is not known whether a causal relationship exists between bisoprolol and these AEs, they are listed to alert the physician to a possible relationship.

Central Nervous System

Unsteadiness, dizziness, vertigo, headache, syncope, paresthesia, hypoesthesia, hyperesthesia, sleep disturbance/vivid dreams, insomnia, somnolence, depression, anxiety/restlessness, decreased concentration/memory.

Cardiovascular

Bradycardia, palpitations and other rhythm disturbances, cold extremities, claudication, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, chest pain, congestive heart failure, dyspnea on exertion.

Gastrointestinal

Gastric/epigastric/abdominal pain, peptic ulcer, gastritis, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth.

Musculoskeletal

Arthralgia, muscle/joint pain, back/neck pain, muscle cramps, twitching/tremor.

Skin

Rash, acne, eczema, psoriasis, skin irritation, pruritus, purpura, flushing, sweating, alopecia, dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis (very rarely), cutaneous vasculitis.

Special Senses

Visual disturbances, ocular pain/pressure, abnormal lacrimation, tinnitus, decreased hearing, earache, taste abnormalities.

Metabolic

Gout.

Respiratory

Asthma, bronchospasm, bronchitis, dyspnea, pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, URI (upper respiratory infection).

Genitourinary

Decreased libido/impotence, Peyronie’s disease (very rarely), cystitis, renal colic, polyuria.

General

Fatigue, asthenia, chest pain, malaise, edema, weight gain, angioedema.

In addition, a variety of adverse effects have been reported with other beta-adrenergic blocking agents and should be considered potential adverse effects:

Central Nervous System

Reversible mental depression progressing to catatonia, hallucinations, an acute reversible syndrome characterized by disorientation to time and place, emotional lability, slightly clouded sensorium.

Allergic

Fever, combined with aching and sore throat, laryngospasm, and respiratory distress.

Hematologic

Agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia.

Gastrointestinal

Mesenteric arterial thrombosis and ischemic colitis.

Miscellaneous

The oculomucocutaneous syndrome associated with the beta-blocker practolol has not been reported with bisoprolol fumarate during investigational use or extensive foreign marketing experience.

Hydrochlorothiazide

The following adverse experiences, in addition to those listed in the above table, have been reported with hydrochlorothiazide (generally with doses of 25 mg or greater).

General

Weakness.

Central Nervous System

Vertigo, paresthesia, restlessness.

Cardiovascular

Orthostatic hypotension (may be potentiated by alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics).

Gastrointestinal

Anorexia, gastric irritation, cramping, constipation, jaundice (intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice), pancreatitis, cholecystitis, sialadenitis, dry mouth.

Musculoskeletal

Muscle spasm.

Hypersensitive Reactions

Purpura, photosensitivity, rash, urticaria, necrotizing angiitis (vasculitis and cutaneous vasculitis), fever, respiratory distress including pneumonitis and pulmonary edema, anaphylactic reactions.

Special Senses

Transient blurred vision, xanthopsia.

Metabolic

Gout.

Genitourinary

Sexual dysfunction, renal failure, renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis.

Skin

Erythema multiforme including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis including toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Laboratory Abnormalities

ZIAC

Because of the low dose of hydrochlorothiazide in ZIAC (bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide), adverse metabolic effects with bisoprolol fumarate/HCTZ 6.25 mg are less frequent and of smaller magnitude than with HCTZ 25 mg. Laboratory data on serum potassium from the U.S. placebo-controlled trials are shown in the following table:

Serum Potassium Data from U.S. Placebo Controlled Studies
Placebo 1 B2.5/ H6.25 mg B5/ H6.25 mg B10/ H6.25 mg HCTZ 25 mg
(N=130 2) (N=28) (N=149) (N=28) (N=142)
Potassium
Mean Change 3 (mEq/L) +0.04 +0.11 -0.08 0.00 -0.30%
Hypokalemia 4 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% 5.5%

1 Combined across studies.
2 Patients with normal serum potassium at baseline.
3 Mean change from baseline at Week 4.
4 Percentage of patients with abnormality at Week 4.

Treatment with both beta blockers and thiazide diuretics is associated with increases in uric acid. However, the magnitude of the change in patients treated with B/H 6.25 mg was smaller than in patients treated with HCTZ 25 mg. Mean increases in serum triglycerides were observed in patients treated with bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide 6.25 mg. Total cholesterol was generally unaffected, but small decreases in HDL cholesterol were noted.

Other laboratory abnormalities that have been reported with the individual components are listed below.

Bisoprolol Fumarate

In clinical trials, the most frequently reported laboratory change was an increase in serum triglycerides, but this was not a consistent finding.

Sporadic liver test abnormalities have been reported. In the U.S. controlled trials experience with bisoprolol fumarate treatment for 4-12 weeks, the incidence of concomitant elevations in SGOT and SGPT from 1 to 2 times normal was 3.9%, compared to 2.5% for placebo. No patient had concomitant elevations greater than twice normal.

In the long-term, uncontrolled experience with bisoprolol fumarate treatment for 6-18 months, the incidence of one or more concomitant elevations in SGOT and SGPT from 1 to 2 times normal was 6.2%. The incidence of multiple occurrences was 1.9%. For concomitant elevations in SGOT and SGPT of greater than twice normal, the incidence was 1.5%. The incidence of multiple occurrences was 0.3%. In many cases these elevations were attributed to underlying disorders, or resolved during continued treatment with bisoprolol fumarate.

Other laboratory changes included small increases in uric acid, creatinine, BUN, serum potassium, glucose, and phosphorus and decreases in WBC and platelets. There have been occasional reports of eosinophilia. These were generally not of clinical importance and rarely resulted in discontinuation of bisoprolol fumarate.

As with other beta-blockers, ANA conversions have also been reported on bisoprolol fumarate. About 15% of patients in long-term studies converted to a positive titer, although about one-third of these patients subsequently reconverted to a negative titer while on continued therapy.

Hydrochlorothiazide

Hyperglycemia, glycosuria, hyperuricemia, hypokalemia and other electrolyte imbalances (see PRECAUTIONS), hyperlipidemia, hypercalcemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and hemolytic anemia have been associated with HCTZ therapy.



REPORTS OF SUSPECTED ZIAC SIDE EFFECTS / ADVERSE REACTIONS

Below is a sample of reports where side effects / adverse reactions may be related to Ziac. The information is not vetted and should not be considered as verified clinical evidence.

Possible Ziac side effects / adverse reactions in 77 year old male

Reported by a health professional (non-physician/pharmacist) from United States on 2012-04-23

Patient: 77 year old male

Reactions: Rash Pustular, Skin Exfoliation, Rash Pruritic, Dermatitis Psoriasiform, Mucosal Erosion, Pemphigus, Pyoderma, Oedema Peripheral, Conjunctival Hyperaemia, Dermatitis Bullous, Hiccups, Staphylococcal Bacteraemia, Dermatitis Exfoliative

Adverse event resulted in: hospitalization

Suspect drug(s):
Ziac



Possible Ziac side effects / adverse reactions in 70 year old female

Reported by a individual with unspecified qualification from Germany on 2012-04-26

Patient: 70 year old female

Reactions: non-Cardiogenic Pulmonary Oedema, Shock

Adverse event resulted in: life threatening event

Suspect drug(s):
Ziac

Other drugs received by patient: Acetylsalicylic Acid SRT



See index of all Ziac side effect reports >>

Drug label data at the top of this Page last updated: 2011-03-30

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