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Zerit (Stavudine) - Summary

 
 



WARNING

LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS, INCLUDING FATAL CASES, HAVE BEEN REPORTED WITH THE USE OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUES ALONE OR IN COMBINATION, INCLUDING STAVUDINE AND OTHER ANTIRETROVIRALS. FATAL LACTIC ACIDOSIS HAS BEEN REPORTED IN PREGNANT WOMEN WHO RECEIVED THE COMBINATION OF STAVUDINE AND DIDANOSINE WITH OTHER ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS. THE COMBINATION OF STAVUDINE AND DIDANOSINE SHOULD BE USED WITH CAUTION DURING PREGNANCY AND IS RECOMMENDED ONLY IF THE POTENTIAL BENEFIT CLEARLY OUTWEIGHS THE POTENTIAL RISK (SEE WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS: PREGNANCY).

FATAL AND NONFATAL PANCREATITIS HAVE OCCURRED DURING THERAPY WHEN ZERIT WAS PART OF A COMBINATION REGIMEN THAT INCLUDED DIDANOSINE IN BOTH TREATMENT-NAIVE AND TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS, REGARDLESS OF DEGREE OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION (SEE WARNINGS).

 

ZERIT SUMMARY

ZERIT® is the brand name for stavudine (d4T), a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analogue, active against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ZERIT (stavudine) Capsules are supplied for oral administration in strengths of 15, 20, 30, and 40 mg of stavudine.

ZERIT (stavudine), in combination with other antiretroviral agents, is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection (see Clinical Studies).

CLINICAL STUDIES

Combination Therapy

The combination use of ZERIT is based on the results of clinical studies in HIV-infected patients in double- and triple-combination regimens with other antiretroviral agents.

One of these studies (START 1) was a multicenter, randomized, open-label study comparing ZERIT (40 mg twice daily) plus lamivudine plus indinavir to zidovudine plus lamivudine plus indinavir in 202 treatment-naive patients. Both regimens resulted in a similar magnitude of inhibition of HIV RNA levels and increases in CD4 cell counts through 48 weeks.

Monotherapy

The efficacy of ZERIT was demonstrated in a randomized, double-blind study (AI455-019, conducted 1992-1994) comparing ZERIT with zidovudine in 822 patients with a spectrum of HIV-related symptoms. The outcome in terms of progression of HIV disease and death was similar for both drugs.


See all Zerit indications & dosage >>

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Zerit (Stavudine)

Pharmacokinetics of generic and trade formulations of lamivudine, stavudine and nevirapine in HIV-infected Malawian children. [2010]
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of lamivudine (3TC), stavudine (d4T) and nevirapine (NVP) in HIV-infected Malawian children receiving quartered tablet multiples of Triomune 40 (generic tablet [GT]) compared with individual generic liquid (GL) and trade liquid (TL)... CONCLUSIONS: Quartered multiples of Triomune 40 are appropriate for children 18-<22 kg and 28-<32 kg in weight; however, alternative formulations are suggested in children weighing 8-<12 kg.

Changes in body composition with ritonavir-boosted and unboosted atazanavir treatment in combination with Lamivudine and Stavudine: a 96-week randomized, controlled study. [2009.05.01]
This 96-week, open-label, randomized study assessed changes in body composition in treatment-naive patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who were treated with either atazanavir or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir, in combination with stavudine and lamivudine.

A single-dose, randomized, open-label, two-period crossover bioequivalence study comparing a fixed-dose pediatric combination of lamivudine and stavudine tablet for oral suspension with individual liquid formulations in healthy adult male volunteers. [2009]
Lamivudine (CAS 134678-17-4) is a synthetic nucleoside analogue with activity against HIV-1 and HBV.

Bioequivalence study of two fixed dose combination tablet formulations of lopinavir and ritonavir in healthy volunteers. [2009]
The study was designed to compare the rate and extent of absorption of two fixed dose combination tablet formulations of lopinavir (CAS 192725-17-0) and ritonavir (CAS 155213-67-5). This bioequivalence study was conducted using a standard preparation as reference and a generic alternative as test in 72 adult healthy volunteers within 18-45 years of age who received a single dose of the test or reference product under fasting conditions...

The influence of lamivudine, stavudine and nevirapine on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpropamide in human subjects. [2008.07]
Diabetic patients tend to be prone to infections, and multiple drug therapy cannot be ruled out in the management of diabetes. The effect of three routinely prescribed antiretroviral (ARV) drugs on the pharmacokinetic profile of an antidiabetic drug, chlorpropamide, was investigated in 18 human subjects, who had recently been diagnosed positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection...

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Clinical Trials Related to Zerit (Stavudine)

Drug Levels of Tablet and Liquid Forms of Lamivudine, Nevirapine, and Stavudine in HIV Infected Thai Children [Completed]
The purpose of this study is to compare the blood levels, absorption, and breakdown of lamivudine (3TC), nevirapine (NVP), and stavudine (d4T) in a fixed-dose tablet to that of the individual liquid formulations of the same anti-HIV drugs in HIV infected Thai children.

Study of Treatment of Antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-Infected Patients Comparing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Administered in Combination With Lamivudine and Efavirenz vs. Stavudine, Lamivudine and Efavirenz. [Completed]
To compare tenofovir DF plus lamivudine plus efavirenz vs. stavudine plus lamivudine plus efavirenz in the treatment of HIV-1-infected patients who have never taken antiretroviral drugs and have a viral load of less than 400 copies/mL at week 48.

Triomune Bioequivalence With Innovators [Completed]

Differences Between Stavudine and Tenofovir Each Combined With Lamivudine and Efavirenz in SA HIV-infected Patients [Terminated]
Even with the benefits of HIV therapy, there is a possibility that HIV-infected individuals develop metabolic complications once they initiate treatment, which may also ultimately put them at a risk for impending heart disease in the next decades. The main mechanism through which the main HIV drugs are thought to cause these metabolic changes and organ toxicities is mitochondrial toxicity. Most of studies that have been done, have taken place in the West, but few, if any, have been done in South Africa. The purpose of this study is to prospectively identify early changes between the two different drugs, Stavudine and Tenofovir, to assess their virological response, molecular, biochemical and clinical picture, and the possible associated change in cardiovascular risk factors, this, in the South African setting, and make recommendations to modify the current National AIDS role out programme

Effectiveness and Safety of Epivir/Ziagen/Zerit (3TC/ABC/d4T) Versus Epivir/Ziagen/Sustiva (3TC/ABC/EFV) Versus Epivir/Ziagen/Agenerase/Norvir (3TC/ABC/APV/RTV) in HIV Patients Who Have Never Received Treatment [Active, not recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to see how effective and safe it is to give 1 of the 3 following treatments to patients who may not have received anti-HIV treatment: 1) lamivudine (3TC)/abacavir (ABC)/stavudine (d4T); 2) 3TC/ABC/efavirenz (EFV); or 3) 3TC/ABC/amprenavir (APV)/ritonavir (RTV).

more trials >>

Reports of Suspected Zerit (Stavudine) Side Effects

Lipodystrophy Acquired (11)Diarrhoea (10)Depression (7)Rash (7)Hepatic Function Abnormal (6)Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (6)Lipohypertrophy (6)Hyperlipidaemia (6)Platelet Count Decreased (6)Eczema (5)more >>


Page last updated: 2010-10-05

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