POLOCAINE SUMMARY
3% Polocaine® Dental
(mepivacaine hydrochloride Injection, USP)
2% Polocaine® Dental
with Levonordefrin 1:20,000
(mepivacaine hydrochloride and levonordefrin Injection, USP)
Mepivacaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic available as sterile isotonic solutions (clear, colorless) in concentrations of 1%, 1.5% and 2% for injection via local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, and caudal and lumbar epidural blocks.
Mepivacaine hydrochloride is related chemically and pharmacologically to the amide-type local anesthetics.
POLOCAINE (Mepivacaine HCl Injection, USP), is indicated for production of local or regional analgesia and anesthesia by local infiltration, peripheral nerve block techniques, and central neural techniques including epidural and caudal blocks.
The routes of administration and indicated concentrations for mepivacaine are:
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local infiltration
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0.5% (via dilution) or 1%
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peripheral nerve blocks
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1% and 2%
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epidural block
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1%, 1.5%, 2%
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caudal block
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1%, 1.5%, 2%
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See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION for additional information. Standard textbooks should be consulted to determine the accepted procedures and techniques for the administration of mepivacaine.
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NEWS HIGHLIGHTSMedia Articles Related to Polocaine (Mepivacaine Infiltration)
Patients With Sleep Apnea Undergoing Joint Replacement Have Improved Outcomes With Regional Anesthesia
Source: Arthritis / Rheumatology News From Medical News Today [2013.05.07]
Using regional anesthesia instead of general anesthesia in patients with sleep apnea undergoing total joint replacement decreases major complications by 17%, according to a study published online, ahead of print, in the journal Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine...
Lower Rates Of Complications In Hip And Knee Replacement Using Regional Anesthesia Technique
Source: Arthritis / Rheumatology News From Medical News Today [2013.05.03]
A highly underutilized anesthesia technique called neuraxial anesthesia, also known as spinal or epidural anesthesia, improves outcomes in patients undergoing hip or knee replacement, according to a new study by researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery...
General Anesthesia Not Linked to Raised Risk for Dementia
Source: MedicineNet Dementia Specialty [2013.05.02]
Title: General Anesthesia Not Linked to Raised Risk for Dementia
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2013 12:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 5/2/2013 12:00:00 AM
Success Rates Of Turning Breech Babies Increased By Anesthesia, Delivery Costs Reduced
Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today [2013.04.22]
When a baby is in the breech position at the end of pregnancy, obstetricians can sometimes turn the baby head-down to enable a safer vaginal birth. In the past, women were not given anesthesia during the turning procedure, which requires the physician to push on the woman's abdomen while monitoring the baby with ultrasound...
Development Of Wisdom Teeth In Children May Be Affected By Dental Anesthesia
Source: Dentistry News From Medical News Today [2013.04.05]
Researchers from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine have discovered a statistical association between the injection of local dental anesthesia given to children ages two to six and evidence of missing lower wisdom teeth...
Published Studies Related to Polocaine (Mepivacaine Infiltration)
Triple-blind randomized clinical trial of time until sensory change using 1.5%
mepivacaine with epinephrine, 0.5% bupivacaine, or an equal mixture of both for
infraclavicular block. [2012]
by 20% or more versus 0.5% bupivacaine alone (bupivacaine)... CONCLUSIONS: Mixing 1.5% mepivacaine (with epinephrine) with 0.5% bupivacaine
Submucous tramadol increases the anesthetic efficacy of mepivacaine with epinephrine in inferior alveolar nerve block. [2011.05.07]
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of submucous tramadol as adjuvant of mepivacaine with epinephrine in inferior alveolar nerve block. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted...
Efficacy of liposome-encapsulated mepivacaine for infiltrative anesthesia in volunteers. [2011.03]
This blinded crossover study evaluated the efficacy and pain sensitivity evoked by a previously reported liposome-encapsulated mepivacaine formulation (Araujo et al., 2004). Thirty healthy volunteers received an intraoral injection (1.8 mL), at four different sessions, of the following formulations: 2% mepivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine (MVC(2%EPI)), 3% mepivacaine (MVC(3%)), and 2 and 3% liposome-encapsulated mepivacaine (MVC(2%LUV) and MVC(3%LUV))...
The effect of mixing 1.5% mepivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine on duration of analgesia and latency of block onset in ultrasound-guided interscalene block. [2011.02]
BACKGROUND: Short- and long-acting local anesthetics are commonly mixed to achieve nerve blocks with short onset and long duration. However, there is a paucity of data on advantages of such mixtures. We hypothesized that a mixture of mepivacaine and bupivacaine results in a faster onset than does bupivacaine and in a longer duration of blockade than does mepivacaine... CONCLUSIONS: For ultrasound-guided interscalene block, a combination of mepivacaine 1.5% and bupivacaine 0.5% results in a block onset similar to either local anesthetic alone. The mean duration of blockade with a mepivacaine-bupivacaine mixture was significantly longer than block with mepivacaine 1.5% alone but significantly shorter than the block with bupivacaine 0.5% alone.
Ketorolac-mepivacaine lower uterine block for in-office endometrial ablation: a randomized, controlled trial. [2010.11]
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) administered in combination with a local anesthetic as a deep paracervical block for in-office endometrial ablations... CONCLUSION: Injectable ketorolac-mepivacaine anesthetic solution functions well as a deep paracervical block for in-office gynecologic procedures, with better postoperative pain control than mepivacaine-alone protocols.
Clinical Trials Related to Polocaine (Mepivacaine Infiltration)
Effect of Epinephrine on Systemic Absorption of Mepivacaine in Uremic Patients [Recruiting]
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of epinephrine on systemic absorption of
local anaesthetic mepivacaine administered for brachial plexus block in uremic patients
scheduled for creation or repair of an arteriovenous fistula. Furthermore, an impact of
epinephrine on the central circulation and peripheral tissue oxygenation will be evaluated.
Distribution Circumferential Versus Non Circumferential of Mepivacaine in the Median and Ulnar Nerves [Recruiting]
The Anesthetic Efficacy of 3% Mepivacaine Plus 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epinephrine for Lower Jaw Dental Injections [Recruiting]
The inferior alveolar nerve block (shot) is the most frequently used injection technique for
achieving local anesthesia (numbness) for the teeth in the lower jaw. However, this
injection does not always result in successful pulpal (tooth) anesthesia (patient felt
pain). No study has combined mepivacaine and lidocaine anesthetics (numbing solutions) for
this type of injection (shot). The investigators propose to compare an injection of
mepivacaine followed by lidocaine to an injection of lidocaine followed by lidocaine to
determine if there is a difference in effectiveness.
Study to Find Optimal Dose of Local Spinal Anesthetic (Mepivacaine) Combined With Narcotic (Fentanyl) For Knee Surgery [Recruiting]
Prolonged motor block and delayed ability to walk are limitations of spinal anesthesia in
ambulatory (same-day) surgery. This can be improved by lowering the dose of local anesthetic
(a medication that, when injected around nerves, blocks nerve conduction, resulting in
numbness and weakness) used in the spine, but too low a dose can result in an incomplete
block (inadequate anesthesia) in some patients. There is evidence that adding a low dose of
fentanyl, a narcotic, to mepivacaine enhances the anesthetic effect. The purpose of this
study is to determine the lowest dose of mepivacaine, a local anesthetic, when combined with
fentanyl, for which spinal anesthesia is adequate for ambulatory knee arthroscopy.
Spinal Mepivicaine With Fentanyl for Outpatient Knee Arthroscopy [Recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to determine if the addition of intrathecal fentanyl to low
dose mepivacaine spinal anesthesia provides adequate surgical anesthesia with shorter
duration of motor blockade.
It is hypothesized that lower doses of spinal mepivacaine when combined with fentanyl will
result in adequate surgical block for knee arthroscopy surgery with faster recovery and
discharge compared to mepivacaine alone.
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