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Pfizerpen (Penicillin G Potassium) - Summary

 
 



PFIZERPEN SUMMARY

Buffered Pfizerpen (penicillin G potassium) for Injection is a sterile, pyrogen-free powder for reconstitution. Buffered Pfizerpen for Injection is an antibacterial agent for intramuscular, continuous intravenous drip, intrapleural or other local infusion, and intrathecal administration. Each million units contains approximately 6.8 milligrams of sodium (0.3 mEq) and 65.6 milligrams of potassium (1.68 mEq).

Aqueous penicillin G (parenteral) is indicated in the therapy of severe infections caused by penicillin G-susceptible microorganisms when rapid and high penicillin levels are required in the conditions listed below. Therapy should be guided by bacteriological studies (including susceptibility tests) and by clinical response.

The following infections will usually respond to adequate dosage of aqueous penicillin G (parenteral):

  • Streptococcal infections.

NOTE: Streptococci in groups A, C, H, G, L, and M are very sensitive to penicillin G. Some group D organisms are sensitive to the high serum levels obtained with aqueous penicillin G.

Aqueous penicillin G (parenteral) is the penicillin dosage form of choice for bacteremia, empyema, severe pneumonia, pericarditis, endocarditis, meningitis, and other severe infections caused by sensitive strains of the gram-positive species listed above.

  • Pneumococcal infections.
  • Staphylococcal infections –penicillin G sensitive.
  • Other infections: Anthrax.
  • Actinomycosis.
  • Clostridial infections (including tetanus).
  • Diphtheria (to prevent carrier state).
  • Erysipeloid (Erysipelothrix insidiosa) endocarditis.
  • Fusospirochetal infections–severe infections of the oropharynx (Vincent's), lower respiratory tract and genital area due to Fusobacterium fusiformisans spirochetes.
  • Gram-negative bacillary infections (bacteremias)– (E. coli, A. aerogenes, A. faecalis, Salmonella, Shigella and P. mirabilis).
  • Listeria infections (Listeria monocytogenes).
  • Meningitis and endocarditis.
  • Pasteurella infections (Pasteurella multocida).
  • Bacteremia and meningitis.
  • Rat-bite fever (Spirillum minus or Streptobacillus moniliformis).
  • Gonorrheal endocarditis and arthritis (N. gonorrhoeae).
  • Syphilis (T. pallidum) including congenital syphilis.
  • Meningococcic meningitis.

Although no controlled clinical efficacy studies have been conducted, aqueous crystalline penicillin G for injection and penicillin G procaine suspension have been suggested by the American Heart Association and the American Dental Association for use as part of a combined parenteral-oral regimen for prophylaxis against bacterial endocarditis in patients with congenital heart disease or rheumatic, or other acquired valvular heart disease when they undergo dental procedures and surgical procedures of the upper respiratory tract.1 Since it may happen that alpha hemolytic streptococci relatively resistant to penicillin may be found when patients are receiving continuous oral penicillin for secondary prevention of rheumatic fever, prophylactic agents other than penicillin may be chosen for these patients and prescribed in addition to their continuous rheumatic fever prophylactic regimen.

NOTE: When selecting antibiotics for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis, the physician or dentist should read the full joint statement of the American Heart Association and the American Dental Association.1

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain effectiveness of Pfizerpen and other antibacterial drugs, Pfizerpen should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.


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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Pfizerpen (Penicillin G)

Treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis with once-daily amoxicillin versus intramuscular benzathine penicillin G in low-resource settings: a randomized controlled trial. [2011.06]
BACKGROUND: Primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever is achieved by proper antibiotic treatment of group A beta -hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis... CONCLUSION: If compliance is a major issue, a single dose of IM BPG may be preferable for treatment of GAS pharyngitis.

Administration of perioperative penicillin reduces postoperative serum amyloid a response in horses being castrated standing. [2010.07]
OBJECTIVES: To compare postoperative inflammatory responses in horses administered perioperative procaine penicillin and those not administered penicillin using acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) as a marker of inflammation. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. ANIMALS: Stallions (n=50) castrated under field conditions... CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative antimicrobial therapy reduced the postoperative SAA response, suggesting that bacteria were present in the surgical wound and contributed to inflammation after castration. Horses with elevated preoperative SAA concentrations developed infectious complications more often than horses with normal preoperative SAA concentrations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of antimicrobials may be important in horses being castrated standing under field conditions. Increased SAA concentrations seem to be an indicator of increased surgical risk in horses and may be useful before elective surgery for planning.

A phase III equivalence trial of azithromycin versus benzathine penicillin for treatment of early syphilis. [2010.06.01]
BACKGROUND: Syphilis remains an important source of morbidity worldwide. Long-acting penicillin is the only therapy currently recommended for syphilis in much of the world. Because of hesitation to use penicillin for fear of anaphylaxis, there is a need for an effective, well-tolerated alternative to penicillin for syphilis therapy... CONCLUSIONS: In this trial, the efficacy of azithromycin at a dosage of 2.0 g administered orally was equivalent to that of benzathine penicillin G for the treatment of early syphilis in persons without HIV infection.

Comparison of ampicillin plus gentamicin vs. penicillin plus gentamicin in empiric treatment of neonates at risk of early onset sepsis. [2010.05]
AIM: We aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of ampicillin (AMP) vs. penicillin (PEN) both combined with gentamicin in the empirical treatment of neonates at risk of early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS)... CONCLUSIONS: AMP and PEN combined with gentamicin have similar effectiveness in the empiric treatment of suspected neonatal EOS.

Evaluation of penicillin G potassium troches in the treatment of minor recurrent aphthous ulceration in a Chinese cohort: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo and no-treatment-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. [2010.04]
CONCLUSIONS: Penicillin G potassium troches are effective in reducing ulcer size and alleviating ulcer pain of the patients in the treatment of a single episode of MiRAU in this Chinese cohort. Few adverse effects were observed with this therapeutic approach. Copyright 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Clinical Trials Related to Pfizerpen (Penicillin G)

Penicillin and Metronidazole in Treatment of Peritonsillar Abscess [Completed]
Treatment of peritonsillar abscess varies. To study whether broad spectrum antibiotics are required in addition to abscess drainage we perform a prospective, double blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study on 200 adult patients with peritonsillar abscess. 100 patients are given penicillin and metronidazole and 100 patients get penicillin and placebo. Recovery and recurrence and analyzed.

Evaluation of Skin Testing Reagents for Penicillin Allergy [Completed]
A self- or parent-reported history of penicillin allergy excludes approximately 10% of the US population from receiving penicillin (Kerr 1994, Kagy, Blaiss 1998, Solensky et al. 2000, Neugut et al. 2001). Yet approximately 80% of patients labeled as allergic to the penicillins can safely take these antibiotics without fear of a life-threatening reaction (Gadde et al. 1993, Macy et al. 1997). The outcomes of this erroneous classification of patients include unnecessary denial of an effective and well-tolerated class of antibiotics, which are often the treatment of choice. The primary aim of skin testing with the Penicillin Skin Test Kit is to identify subjects at very low risk of developing acute IgE-dependent reactions when given a penicillin or cross-reacting drug. The negative predictive value (NPV) of skin testing is assessed by oral challenge with a penicillin.

Penicillin Skin Testing in Patients With History of Allergic Reactions to Betalactams [Completed]
This study aims to compare the readings of skin testing results in patients with suspected penicillin allergy between in-house penicillin test preparation and commercial available penicillin testing kit.

Oral Penicillin and Penicillin Levels in Venous Umbilical Cord Blood [Recruiting]
Pregnant,laboring women will receive 2 grams of oral penicillin V before delivery. At the time of delivery of the infant, umbilical vein cord blood will be obtained from the umbilical cord. These cord blood samples will be sent for bioassay of penicillin levels.

Azithromycin/Bicillin Syphilis [Completed]
The purpose of this study is to determine if azithromycin, a drug approved for treatment of other infections, is as effective for syphilis (a sexually transmitted disease) as the standard treatment. Approximately 600 healthy adults, who are HIV-negative, ages 18 to 55 years of age, with primary, secondary or early latent syphilis, will participate in this research study. Volunteers will be enrolled in 5 U. S. cities and in Madagascar. Participants will be chosen randomly (by chance) to receive 1 of 2 study drugs: benzathine penicillin given (2 shots in the buttocks) or 4 tablets of azithromycin. Subjects who report a history of a penicillin allergy will be given either 2. 0 g of oral azithromycin or 100 mg doxycycline taken orally, twice a day for 14 days. Over 2 years, 10 visits will be required. Procedures will include blood samples, physical exams, and swabs of sores.

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Page last updated: 2011-12-09

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