OXACILLIN SUMMARY
Oxacillin Injection, USP is a sterile injectable product containing oxacillin which is added as oxacillin sodium, a semisynthetic penicillin derived from the penicillin nucleus, 6-aminopenicillanic acid.
Oxacillin is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by penicillinase producing staphylococci which have demonstrated susceptibility to the drug. Cultures and susceptibility tests should be performed initially to determine the causative organism and its susceptibility to the drug. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY - Susceptibility Tests).
Oxacillin may be used to initiate therapy in suspected cases of resistant staphylococcal infections prior to the availability of susceptibility test results. Oxacillin should not be used in infections caused by organisms susceptible to penicillin G. If the susceptibility tests indicate that the infection is due to an organism other than a resistant Staphylococcus, therapy should not be continued with oxacillin.
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Oxacillin Injection, USP and other antibacterial drugs, Oxacillin Injection, USP should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS
Published Studies Related to Oxacillin
Long-term follow-up trial of oral rifampin-cotrimoxazole combination versus intravenous cloxacillin in treatment of chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis. [2009.06]
Oral therapies alternative to fluoroquinolones against staphylococcal chronic osteomyelitis have not been evaluated in comparative studies. Consecutive nonaxial Staphylococcus aureus chronic osteomyelitis cases were included in a comparative trial after debridement... Oral rifampin-cotrimoxazole treatment showed outcomes comparable to those for intravenous cloxacillin treatment.
Inhibition of flucloxacillin tubular renal secretion by piperacillin. [2008.11]
AIMS: To explore the extent, time course, site(s), mechanism and possible clinical relevance of the pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction between piperacillin and flucloxacillin... CONCLUSIONS: Piperacillin inhibits renal and nonrenal elimination of flucloxacillin. This interaction seems clinically significant, as total clearance was reduced by a factor of 1.5 for the lower and 2.1 for the higher doses. PK interactions, especially with piperacillin, are likely to occur also with other beta-lactam combinations and might be useful to improve the effectiveness of antibacterial treatment.
Lack of effect of P-glycoprotein inhibition on renal clearance of dicloxacillin in patients with cystic fibrosis. [2008.07]
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether upregulation of P-glycoprotein is responsible for the enhanced renal clearance of dicloxacillin in patients with cystic fibrosis... CONCLUSION: We found no significant difference in the pharmacokinetics of dicloxacillin between patients with cystic fibrosis and healthy volunteers. Renal clearance of dicloxacillin was significantly reduced in the presence of probenecid but not with cyclosporine, suggesting that the rate-limiting step in tubular secretion of dicloxacillin is uptake mediated by the organic anion transporter, and not P-glycoprotein inhibition.
Flucloxacillin alone or combined with benzylpenicillin to treat lower limb cellulitis: a randomised controlled trial. [2005.05]
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether using intravenous benzylpenicillin in addition to intravenous flucloxacillin would result in a more rapid clinical response in patients with lower limb cellulitis... CONCLUSIONS: This study provides no evidence to support the addition of intravenous benzylpenicillin to intravenous flucloxacillin in the treatment of lower limb cellulitis.
Cloxacillin versus pristinamycin for superficial pyodermas: a randomized, open-label, non-inferiority study. [2005]
BACKGROUND: Superficial pyodermas may require systemic antibiotics. In a previous open-label trial, oxacillin and pristinamycin achieved similar cure rates, but its design was not truly that of a non-inferiority study. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of oral cloxacillin versus pristinamycin (both 2 g/day) to treat superficial pyodermas... CONCLUSION: Cloxacillin could be an alternative to pristinamycin in out-patients with superficial pyodermas. 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel
Clinical Trials Related to Oxacillin
Antibiotic Treatment for Infections of Short Term In-Dwelling Vascular Catheters Due to Gram Positive Bacteria [Completed]
This study will treat patients who have a short term central catheter that is thought to be
infected with a specific bacteria (gram positive bacteria)
Study of Daptomycin in Subjects Undergoing Surgery for Osteomyelitis Associated With an Infected Prosthetic Caused by Staphylococci [Recruiting]
Staphylococcus Aureus Carriers Students Nursing Oxacillin Resistant [Recruiting]
The Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen bacteria actuating as an agent of a wide
variety of infections, such as the superficials to the disseminates ones, its commonly find
into hospitals ambient, assailing mainly immunosupress patients. Around 30% to 50% of people
carries this agent in their nasal bone as part of their normal flora, occuring larger in
hospitals workers. The S. aureus is also known for its high capacity of developing
resistance to various antibiotic. Facing these considerations, the importance of nursing
precaution and the infections control inside hospitals ambient, the purpose of this present
study aimed to verify the rates of carriers of S. aureus in nursing students and the
connection with the hospitals time involvement during graduation in the Faculty de Medicine
de Botucatu - UNESP, embracing the 4 years of graduation college.
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Page last updated: 2009-10-20
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