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Nitroglycerin Injection (Nitroglycerin Injection) - Summary

 
 



SUMMARY

Nitroglycerin is 1,2,3-propanetriol trinitrate, an organic nitrate.

Nitroglycerin in 5% Dextrose Injection is indicated for treatment of peri-operative hypertension; for control of congestive heart failure in the setting of acute myocardial infarction; for treatment of angina pectoris in patients who have not responded to sublingual nitroglycerin and β-blockers; and for induction of intraoperative hypotension.


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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Nitroglycerin Injection

Intravenous nitroglycerin for controlled cord traction in the management of retained placenta. [2011.02]
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of 200 mug of intravenous nitroglycerin in the release of retained placenta by controlled cord traction... CONCLUSION: Intravenously administered nitroglycerin did not facilitate the release of retained placenta by umbilical cord traction. However, cord traction may be performed longer than 30 minutes to attempt releasing the placenta before operative manual removal is initiated. Copyright (c) 2010 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Daily low-dose folic acid supplementation does not prevent nitroglycerin-induced nitric oxide synthase dysfunction and tolerance: a human in vivo study. [2010.11]
INTRODUCTION: Continuous treatment with nitroglycerin (GTN) causes tolerance and endothelial dysfunction, both of which may involve endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dysfunction... DISCUSSION: The present data demonstrate that daily supplementation with 1 mg folic acid does not prevent the development of GTN-induced eNOS dysfunction or tolerance.

The effect of transdermal nitroglycerine on intrathecal fentanyl with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia following gynaecological surgery. [2010.03]
Fentanyl is a short-acting synthetic opioid with spinal analgesic properties and dose-dependent side-effects. The analgesic effect of opioids is mediated in part through activation of inhibitory descending pain pathways involving nitric oxide (as a central neurotransmitter) through the NO-cGMP system...

Intravenous nitroglycerin for external cephalic version: a randomized controlled trial. [2009.09]
OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether treatment with intravenous nitroglycerin for uterine relaxation increases the chance of successful external cephalic version... CONCLUSION: Treatment with intravenous nitroglycerin increased the rate of successful external cephalic version in nulliparous, but not in multiparous, women. Treatment with intravenous nitroglycerin appeared to be safe, but our numbers were too small to rule out rare serious adverse effects. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I.

Facilitation of radial artery cannulation by periradial subcutaneous administration of nitroglycerin. [2009.09]
PURPOSE: To determine whether subcutaneous administration of nitroglycerin mixed with local anesthetic agent results in effective vasodilation of the radial artery, and whether this technique improves access time and decreases complications... CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous administration of nitroglycerin significantly increased radial artery diameter, which can lead to facilitation of catheterization of the radial artery for arteriography and interventions.

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Clinical Trials Related to Nitroglycerin Injection

Nitroglycerin in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer [Recruiting]
Nitroglycerin is a nitric oxide donor which is mainly known as a vasodilating agent used in ischemic heart disease. It has also been shown to increase tumor blood flow in animal and human tumors. The addition of nitroglycerin to chemotherapy in non small cell lung cancer has been shown to generate very favorable response rates with respect to standard treatment schedules[5]. Theoretically nitroglycerin might reduce resistance to chemotherapy via a plethora of different effects: better tumor perfusion, direct effects of NO on cancer cells, increase in activated p53 protein and via an increased blood flow in the tumour with as consequence a higher drug concentration in the tumor [6] . In mice, nitric oxide donors such as isosorbide dinitrate have been shown to decrease tumor hypoxia by better tumor perfusion, which could enhance radiotherapy responses [7]. To date these combined effects have not been tested in humans. In this trial we would like to demonstrate the effect of nitroglycerin on tumor perfusion and hypoxia in non small cell lung cancer (using DCE and HX4 scanning), providing a rationale for further study and to test the effect of combining nitroglycerine to standard treatment of NSCLC (radiotherapy/chemotherapy).

Treatment of Suspected Cholelithiasis With Nitroglycerin [Not yet recruiting]
ABSTRACT: Sublingual nitroglycerin has been advocated for the treatment of acute pain from suspected symptomatic cholelithiasis. There is, however, no clinical studies that validate its use. This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of nitroglycerine in relieving acute pain of suspected biliary tract origin. Nitroglycerin is a potent smooth muscle relaxant used for biliary tract dilation during ERCP, (Chelly, J) and has been recommended for treatment of biliary colic based on anecdotal experience and small case reports. Nitroglycerin effect is a result of the nitric oxide component of the medication which acts as a smooth muscle relaxant in vascular, bronchial, esophageal and biliary smooth muscles. [McGowan(1936), Chelly (1979),Toyoyama (2001)] The typical dose of nitroglycerin is 0. 4 mg given sublingually in pill form or, more recently, in a metered spray form. In a case series reported by Hassel (1993), positive response times ranged from 20 to 60 seconds with duration of action of two to twelve hours. Sublingual nitroglycerin is most commonly used for treatment of chest pain related to insufficient cardiac perfusion. It has also been noted to relieve the pain of esophageal spasms. Nitroglycerin has an excellent safety profile if used in patients with adequate pretreatment blood pressures. [Newberry (2005), Nitroglycerine (2011), Nitro (2011), Wolters (2009)] This study proposes to compare sublingual 0. 4 mg doses of nitroglycerin to placebo for the initial treatment of acute pain from suspected symptomatic cholelithiasis

Radial Artery Dilation Study: The Effect of Topical Administration of Nitroglycerin and Lidocaine Versus Lidocaine Alone of the Radial Artery Diameter [Completed]
The radial artery, which is located on the outer side of the forearm, can be used in interventional procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to provide access to the arterial blood supply. In order to facilitate successful catheterization of the artery, a dilated artery and one free of arterial spasm is desirable. The proposed study will randomize twenty three healthy subjects to determine the effect of topical nitroglycerin on radial artery vasodilation. In the first phase of the study, which is a dose escalation study, each subject will receive either one or two inches of nitroglycerin in a blinded manner on one wrist and placebo on the other. Radial artery diameter will be measured with ultrasound at regular intervals up to two hours. The subjects will then return at a later date at which point they will receive the alternate dose on one wrist and placebo on the other. In the second phase of the study, we will randomize the same patients to a mixture of topical nitroglycerin and lidocaine or topical lidocaine alone. Measurements of radial artery diameter will be performed as in the first study.

MQX-503 vs Nitroglycerin Ointment: A Pharmacokinetic Comparison in Normal Subjects [Completed]
The purpose of the study is to measure how much nitroglycerin or its metabolites may be found in the bloodstream when MQX-503 or an FDA approved Nitroglycerin ointment 2% USP is applied to the skin of healthy subjects.

The Effect of Nitroglycerin on the Intrauterine Device (IUD) Insertion Experience in Nulliparous Women [Recruiting]
Increasing ease of access of long-acting birth control methods, like intrauterine devices (IUDs), is an important way to reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy. Unfortunately, fear of IUD insertion in women who have not had children is common among health care providers and women alike, and this limits IUD use. To increase acceptance of this highly effective birth control method, there is a need to explore new, low cost, and easily applied methods to improve the insertion experience. This is a pilot study to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of nitroglycerin ointment applied vaginally to improve the IUD insertion experience for both patient and provider. The investigators hypothesis is that nitroglycerin ointment will decrease the pain associated with IUD insertion.

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Page last updated: 2011-12-09

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