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Neutrexin (Trimetrexate Glucuronate) - Summary

 
 



WARNINGS

NEUTREXIN (TRIMETREXATE GLUCURONATE FOR INJECTION) MUST BE USED WITH CONCURRENT LEUCOVORIN (LEUCOVORIN PROTECTION) TO AVOID POTENTIALLY SERIOUS OR LIFE-THREATENING TOXICITIES (SEE PRECAUTIONS AND DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

 

NEUTREXIN SUMMARY

NEUTREXIN® (trimetrexate glucuronate for injection)

Neutrexin is the brand name for trimetrexate glucuronate. Trimetrexate, a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline, non-classical folate antagonist, is a synthetic inhibitor of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Neutrexin is available as a sterile lyophilized powder, containing trimetrexate glucuronate equivalent to either 200mg or 25mg of trimetrexate without any preservatives or excipients. The powder is reconstituted prior to intravenous infusion (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, RECONSTITUTION AND DILUTION).

Neutrexin (trimetrexate glucuronate for injection) with concurrent leucovorin administration (leucovorin protection) is indicated as an alternative therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients, including patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who are intolerant of, or are refractory to, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy or for whom trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is contraindicated.


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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Neutrexin (Trimetrexate)

S9511: a Southwest Oncology Group phase II study of trimetrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin in unresectable or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach. [2010.04]
OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this trial was to evaluate the response rate for trimetrexate in conjunction with 5-FU and leucovorin (LV) (= TFL) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer in a phase II, cooperative group setting... CONCLUSIONS: This regimen achieves response rates comparable to other 5-FU-based regimens, when used in treatment of incurable gastric cancer. Toxicity appears manageable.

Trimetrexate and folinic acid: a valuable salvage option for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. [2009.06.19]
The best management strategy for HIV patients who fail to respond to first-line therapy for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is currently unclear. We identified all patients who were treated with trimetrexate and folinic acid who failed 7 or more days of cotrimoxazole, clindamycin-primaquine or dapsone-trimethoprim between 1996 and 2006...

The protection against trimetrexate cytotoxicity in human bone marrow by sequence-dependent administration of raloxifene, 5-fluorouracil/trimetrexate. [2006.11]
BACKGROUND: Currently, one of the most effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer is the use of drugs that block estrogen action in the breast. The success of the first clinically relevant selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), tamoxifen, provided the foundation for further testing of this drug to reduce breast cancer incidence in high-risk women. However, the negative effects associated with the long-term use of tanrhoxifen have initiated the search for compounds that are more effective but less toxic. The discovery of raloxifene (RAL), which functions as a potent antiestrogen in the breast but an estrogen receptor (ER) agonist in the bone and cardiovascular system with very little uterotropic activity, provided an alternative strategy to the targeted use of tamoxifen. The aim of this study was to evaluate RAL in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/trimetrexate (TMX) to determine the most effective regimes and cellular mechanism of action to mitigate trimetrexate cytotoxicity in human bone marrow cells... CONCLUSION: Sequence-dependent administration of RAL in combination with 5-FU/TMX can act against TMX toxicity in human bone marrow, while not affecting the maximum inhibitory effect of TMX in breast cancer.

A phase I/II study of trimetrexate and capecitabine in patients with advanced refractory colorectal cancer. [2005.10]
OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that the combination of trimetrexate (TMTX) and capecitabine (CAP) would be active in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Because the optimum dose of this combination was unknown, we used a phase I/II design... CONCLUSIONS: The combination of TMTX and CAP is well tolerated. However, recent studies have shown more active regimens in the second- and third-line metastatic setting.

more studies >>

Clinical Trials Related to Neutrexin (Trimetrexate)

A Study of Neutrexin Plus Leucovorin in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) [Completed]
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of trimetrexate glucuronate with leucovorin protection in patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who are refractory to or have demonstrated severe or life-threatening toxicities to standard therapies (e. g., TMP/SMX or parenteral pentamidine).

A Compassionate Treatment Protocol for the Use of Trimetrexate Glucuronate (Neutrexin) With Leucovorin Protection for European Adult Patients (>= 13 Years Old) With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia [Completed]
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of trimetrexate glucuronate with leucovorin protection in European patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who are refractory to or have demonstrated severe or life-threatening toxicities to standard therapies (e. g., TMP/SMX or parenteral pentamidine).

A Study of Trimetrexate Plus Leucovorin in Children With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia [Completed]
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of trimetrexate glucuronate with leucovorin protection in pediatric patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who are refractory to or have demonstrated severe or life-threatening toxicities to standard therapies (e. g., TMP/SMX or parenteral pentamidine).

An Open, Prospective, Multicenter Study of Trimetrexate With Leucovorin Rescue for AIDS Patients With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) and Serious Intolerance to Approved Therapies [Completed]
To determine the safety and effectiveness of an investigational drug therapy (trimetrexate plus leucovorin calcium (TMTX / LCV)) in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients who have AIDS, are HIV positive, or are at high risk for HIV infection, and who have suffered severe or life-threatening ill effects from both conventional therapies for PCP. AMENDED: 08/01/90 As of August 31, 1989, 437 patients were enrolled into uncontrolled studies of trimetrexate for PCP: 214 in TX 301/ACTG 0=039 (trimetrexate for patients intolerant of approved therapies) and 223 in NS 401 (trimetrexate for patients refractory to approved therapies). The analysis of overall response rate, stringently defined as having received at least 14 days of trimetrexate and being alive at follow-up 1 month after the completion of therapy, reveals 84/159 intolerant patients and 48/160 refractory patients had responded, for rates of 53 percent and 30 percent, respectively. These response rates include all individuals who received at least one dose of trimetrexate. Of the 111 patients who were ventilator-dependent at study entry, 18 completed a course of therapy and were alive a month later, for a response rate of 16 percent. All other ventilated patients died. The most common severe (grades 3 and 4) toxicities were: transaminase elevation (> 5 x normal) in 94 patients, anemia (< 7. 9 g/dl) in 109, neutropenia (< 750 cells/mm3) in 58, fever (> 40 C) in 37, and thrombocytopenia (< 50000 platelets/mm3) in 27. Toxicity required discontinuation of therapy in approximately 5 percent of all patients. Original design: The drugs usually used to treat PCP in AIDS patients, trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine, have had to be discontinued in many patients because of severe side effects. Currently there are no proven alternatives to these drugs. TMTX was chosen for this trial because it was found to be very active against the PCP organism in laboratory tests. Also TMTX, in combination with LCV, had a high response rate and did not cause severe toxicity in a preliminary trial.

Trimetrexate Plus Leucovorin Calcium Rescue Versus Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS [Completed]
To compare the safety and effectiveness of an investigational drug therapy (trimetrexate plus leucovorin calcium) with that of conventional therapy (sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim) in the treatment of moderately severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients who have AIDS, are HIV positive, or are at high risk for HIV infection. New treatments are needed to reduce the mortality rate from PCP in AIDS patients and to reduce the high relapse rate found after conventional therapy. Trimetrexate (TMTX) was chosen for this trial because it was found to be much more potent than sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) against the PCP organism in laboratory tests. Also TMTX, in combination with leucovorin (LCV), did not cause severe toxicity in a preliminary trial. It is believed that TMTX will be more effective in treating PCP and in preventing a recurrence of PCP.

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Page last updated: 2010-10-05

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