Minocin (Minocycline Hydrochloride) - Summary

MINOCIN SUMMARY

MINOCIN®

MINOCIN® minocycline hydrochloride, is a semisynthetic derivative of tetracycline.

MINOCIN® Pellet-Filled Capsules are indicated in the treatment of the following infections due to susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms:

• Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever and the typhus group, Q fever, rickettsialpox and tick fevers caused by rickettsiae.
• Respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
• Lymphogranuloma venereum caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
• Psittacosis (Ornithosis) due to Chlamydia psittaci.
• Trachoma caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, although the infectious agent is not always eliminated, as judged by immunofluorescence.
• Inclusion conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
• Nongonococcal urethritis, endocervical, or rectal infections in adults caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum or Chlamydia trachomatis.
• Relapsing fever due to Borrelia recurrentis.
• Chancroid caused by Haemophilus ducreyi.
• Plague due to Yersinia pestis.
• Tularemia due to Francisella tularensis.
• Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae.
• Campylobacter fetus infections caused by Campylobacter fetus.
• Brucellosis due to Brucella species (in conjunction with streptomycin).
• Bartonellosis due to Bartonella bacilliformis.
• Granuloma inguinale caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.

Minocycline is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by the following gram-negative microorganisms when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug:

• Escherichia coli.
• Enterobacter aerogenes.
• Shigella species.
• Acinetobacter species.
• Respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae.
• Respiratory tract and urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella species.

MINOCIN® Pellet-Filled Capsules are indicated for the treatment of infections caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms when bacteriologic testing indicates appropriate susceptibility to the drug:

• Upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. (Note: Minocycline is not the drug of choice in the treatment of any type of staphylococcal infection.)

When penicillin is contraindicated, minocycline is an alternative drug in the treatment of the following infections:

• Uncomplicated urethritis in men due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and for the treatment of other gonococcal infections.
• Infections in women caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
• Syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.
• Yaws caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue.
• Listeriosis due to Listeria monocytogenes.
• Anthrax due to Bacillus anthracis.
• Vincent's infection caused by Fusobacterium fusiforme.
• Actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces israelii.
• Infections caused by Clostridium species.

In acute intestinal amebiasis, minocycline may be a useful adjunct to amebicides.

In severe acne, minocycline may be useful adjunctive therapy.

Oral minocycline is indicated in the treatment of asymptomatic carriers of Neisseria meningitidis to eliminate meningococci from the nasopharynx. In order to preserve the usefulness of minocycline in the treatment of asymptomatic meningococcal carriers, diagnostic laboratory procedures, including serotyping and susceptibility testing, should be performed to establish the carrier state and the correct treatment. It is recommended that the prophylactic use of minocycline be reserved for situations in which the risk of meningococcal meningitis is high.

Oral minocycline is not indicated for the treatment of meningococcal infection.

Although no controlled clinical efficacy studies have been conducted, limited clinical data show that oral minocycline hydrochloride has been used successfully in the treatment of infections caused by Mycobacterium marinum.

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Minocin (minocycline hydrochloride) Pellet-Filled Capsules and other antibacterial drugs, Minocin (minocycline hydrochloride) Pellet-Filled Capsules should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

See all indications & dosage >>

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Minocin (Minocycline)

Glatiramer Acetate in Combination with Minocycline in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Results of a Canadian, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. [2009.09.23]
Minocycline is proposed as an add-on therapy to improve the efficacy of glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The effect of minocycline plus glatiramer acetate was evaluated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled study by determining the total number of T1 gadolinium-enhanced lesions at months 8 and 9 in patients who were starting glatiramer acetate and had at least one T1 gadolinium-enhanced lesion on screening magnetic resonance imaging...

Local minocycline as an adjunct to surgical therapy in moderate to severe, chronic periodontitis. [2008.06]
CONCLUSION: Applications of local minocycline as an adjunct to surgery in adults with moderate to severe, chronic periodontitis were associated with statistically significant greater reductions in probing depth than surgery alone.

A pilot clinical trial of creatine and minocycline in early Parkinson disease: 18-month results. [2008.05]
OBJECTIVE: To report an 18-month follow-up on creatine and minocycline futility study, the Neuroprotective Exploratory Trials in Parkinson Disease, Futility Study 1 (NET-PD FS-1). BACKGROUND: The NET-PD FS-1 futility study on creatine and minocycline found neither agent futile in slowing down the progression of disability in Parkinson disease (PD) at 12 months using the prespecified futility threshold. An additional 6 months of follow-up aimed to assess safety and potential interactions of the study interventions with antiparkinsonian therapy... CONCLUSIONS: Data from this small, 18-month phase II trial of creatine and minocycline do not demonstrate safety concerns that would preclude a large, phase III efficacy trial, although the decreased tolerability of minocycline is a concern.

Topical minocycline for managing symptoms of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. [2008.01]
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common ulcerative condition of the oral mucosa. In this study, minocycline oral rinses were compared to a placebo in patients suffering from frequent episodes of RAS.The findings of this study show that minocycline oral rinses reduce pain in patients with RAS and may have implications for the use of minocycline in other non-infectious inflammatory ulcerative oral mucosal diseases.

Randomized double-blind trial of prophylactic oral minocycline and topical tazarotene for cetuximab-associated acne-like eruption. [2007.12.01]
PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of either oral minocycline, topical tazarotene or both, to reduce or prevent cetuximab-related acneiform rash when administered starting on day 1 of cetuximab therapy... CONCLUSION: Prophylaxis with oral minocycline may be useful in decreasing the severity of the acneiform rash during the first month of cetuximab treatment. Topical tazarotene is not recommended for management of cetuximab-related rash.

more studies >>

Clinical Trials Related to Minocin (Minocycline)

Minocycline for HIV+ Cognitive Impairment in Uganda [Recruiting]
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of minocycline, an antibiotic, in the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment in Uganda.

Study Design: Treatment, 24-week Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Phase with Optional 24-week Open Label Phase for Subjects with a CD4 Count in the 251-350 Range

- Arm 1: Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours (50 subjects)

- Arm 2: Matching placebo orally every 12 hours (50 subjects)

Primary Outcome Measure:

· To examine whether minocycline treatment will improve cognitive performance after 24 weeks compared to baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures:

- To examine whether minocycline treatment for 24 weeks is safe and well-tolerated in

individuals with HIV-associated cognitive impairment

- To examine whether minocycline treatment for 48 weeks is safe and well-tolerated in

individuals with HIV-associated cognitive impairment

- To examine whether minocycline treatment for 24 weeks improves functional impairment

Intrapleural Minocycline After Simple Aspiration for the Prevention of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax [Recruiting]
The estimated recurrence rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is 23-50% after the first episode, and the optimal treatment remains unknown. In the recently published British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines, simple aspiration is recommended as first line treatment for all primary pneumothoraces requiring intervention. However, the 1 year recurrence rate of this procedure was as high as 25-30%, making it inappropriate as a standard of care.

Intrapleural instillation of a chemical irritant (chemical pleurodesis) is an effective way to shorten the duration of air leaks and reduce the rates of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax in surgical and non-surgical patients. Many chemical irritants (tetracycline, talc, and minocycline) have been used to decrease the rate of recurrence in spontaneous pneumothorax. Tetracycline, which was the most commonly used irritant, is no longer available. Talc insufflation of the pleural cavity is safe and effective for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. However, it should be applied either with surgical or medical thoracoscopy. Minocycline, a derivative of tetracycline, is as effective as tetracycline in inducing pleural fibrosis in rabbits. In the previous studies, we have shown that additional minocycline pleurodesis is a safe and convenient procedure to decrease the rates of ipsilateral recurrence after thoracoscopic treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. In the present study, additional minocycline pleurodesis will be randomly administered in patients with first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax after simple aspiration to test if it can reduce the rate of recurrence.

Long-Term Safety of Minocycline in Patients With Gum Disease [Recruiting]
This study will look at the safety of using the study medicine for a long time. It will see if the germs get used to the medicine, making it not work as well, if it's used by people with gum disease for a long time.

Study of a Neuroprotective Drug to Limit the Extent of Damage From an Ischemic Stroke [Recruiting]
The primary aim of this study is to find out which of 4 different doses of minocycline are safe and well tolerated so that we will know the optimal dose to test in future patients.

Minocycline in Clinically Isolated Syndromes (CIS) [Recruiting]
The aim of the trial is to demonstrate that 100 mg of oral minocycline twice daily reduces the conversion of CIS to McDonald Criteria MS (McDMS) by an absolute 25% as compared to placebo, over a 6 month follow-up period (primary outcome).

A key secondary outcome is to confirm that this early treatment benefit is maintained at two years.

more trials >>

PATIENT REVIEWS / RATINGS / COMMENTS

Minocin review by 26 year old female patient
		Rating
Overall rating:
Effectiveness:		Highly Effective
Side effects:		Moderate Side Effects
		Treatment Info
Condition / reason:		Cystic Acne
Dosage & duration:		50 MG taken twice a day for the period of About 4 years
Other conditions:		None
Other drugs taken:		just vitamin supplements
		Reported Results
Benefits:		My cystic acne was reduced. My face did clear up consistently with the help of the pills and creams such as retin-a.
Side effects:		I needed to take the pills with lots of water, so I was always taking trips to the bathroom. I was on this pill for a long time, and I dont know if the constant ringing of my ears was a side effect, I did visit an ear doctor for this problem I thought was tinnitus but the doctor assured me the minocin had nothing to do with it. The ringing of the ears continued for about a year after I stopped taking minocycline. Occasionally I still get a ringing of the years, it can be sudden but lasts for a second or so...I was never diagnosed with tinnutus, but the ringing did lessen until it left after i stopped the pills.
Comments:		I was to take the pills twice a day with water. I took one in the morning after I ate, and one at night with plenty of water....after a year my body became resistant to the pill and stopped working, and i started taking higher doses without my doctors consent..which was wrong of me and dangerous and maybe that is why the ringing of my ears began...but I was obssessed with clearing up my acne. I was young, I believe i was 17 or eighteen when i started minocin and was on and off it for about 4 years.

Minocin review by 39 year old female patient
		Rating
Overall rating:
Effectiveness:		Marginally Effective
Side effects:		Mild Side Effects
		Treatment Info
Condition / reason:		Acne
Dosage & duration:		100 MG taken 1 x per day for the period of 1 year
Other conditions:		None
Other drugs taken:		none
		Reported Results
Benefits:		It reduced the severity of acne eruptions.
Side effects:		Upset stomach; yeast infections
Comments:		I first starting taking it for frequent adult acne. The medication did work, and I quit taking it. But the acne returned so I went back on the Minocin. After 3 months on, I had frequent vaginal yeast infections, but no acne. I have been taking it for a year, and it no longer clears up the acne eruptions.

Minocin review by 39 year old female patient
		Rating
Overall rating:
Effectiveness:		Marginally Effective
Side effects:		Mild Side Effects
		Treatment Info
Condition / reason:		Acne
Dosage & duration:		100 MG taken 1 x per day for the period of 1 year
Other conditions:		None
Other drugs taken:		none
		Reported Results
Benefits:		It reduced the severity of acne eruptions.
Side effects:		Upset stomach; yeast infections
Comments:		I first starting taking it for frequent adult acne. The medication did work, and I quit taking it. But the acne returned so I went back on the Minocin. After 3 months on, I had frequent vaginal yeast infections, but no acne. I have been taking it for a year, and it no longer clears up the acne eruptions.