Glipizide (Glipizide) - Summary

GLIPIZIDE SUMMARY

Glipizide is an oral blood-glucose-lowering drug of the sulfonylurea class. The chemical abstracts name of glipizide is 1-Cyclohexyl-3-[[ p -[2-(5-methylpyrazinecarboxamido)ethyl]phenyl] sulfonyl]urea.

Glipizide tablets are indicated as an adjunct to diet for the control of hyperglycemia and its associated symptomatology in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM; type II), formerly known as maturity-onset diabetes, after an adequate trial of dietary therapy has proved unsatisfactory.

In initiating treatment for non-insulin-dependent diabetes, diet should be emphasized as the primary form of treatment. Caloric restriction and weight loss are essential in the obese diabetic patient. Proper dietary management alone may be effective in controlling the blood glucose and symptoms of hyperglycemia. The importance of regular physical activity should also be stressed, and cardiovascular risk factors should be identified, and corrective measures taken where possible.

If this treatment program fails to reduce symptoms and/or blood glucose, the use of an oral sulfonylurea or insulin should be considered. Use of glipizide must be viewed by both the physician and patient as a treatment in addition to diet, and not as a substitute for diet or as a convenient mechanism for avoiding dietary restraint. Furthermore, loss of blood glucose control on diet alone also may be transient, thus requiring only short-term administration of glipizide.

During maintenance programs, glipizide should be discontinued if satisfactory lowering of blood glucose is no longer achieved. Judgments should be based on regular clinical and laboratory evaluations.

In considering the use of glipizide in asymptomatic patients, it should be recognized that controlling blood glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetes has not been definitely established to be effective in preventing the long-term cardiovascular or neural complications of diabetes.

See all indications & dosage >>

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Glipizide

Efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, compared with the sulfonylurea, glipizide, in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin alone: a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. [2007.03]
AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin vs. glipizide in patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control [haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) > or = 6.5 and < or = 10%] on metformin monotherapy... CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the addition of sitagliptin compared with glipizide provided similar HbA(1c)-lowering efficacy over 52 weeks in patients on ongoing metformin therapy. Sitagliptin was generally well tolerated, with a lower risk of hypoglycaemia relative to glipizide and with weight loss compared with weight gain with glipizide.

Lack of an effect of pioglitazone or glipizide on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in type 2 diabetes. [2007.03]
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y agonist with vascular beneficial effects, and glipizide, an insulin secretagogue, on novel inflammatory vascular risk markers in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes... CONCLUSION: Type 2 diabetes is associated with elevated concentrations of the novel vascular risk marker LpPLA2 and inflammatory risk markers e-selectin and VCAM-1. Neither pioglitazone nor glipizide significantly altered LpPLA2, VCAM-1, or highly sensitive C-reactive protein levels after 12 weeks of therapy. In study subjects with type 2 diabetes, e-selectin concentrations declined significantly with pioglitazone therapy, whereas ICAM-1 concentrations decreased significantly with glipizide therapy.

Sustained-release versus immediate-release glipizide for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in chinese patients: A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, 12-week clinical study. [2006.09]
BACKGROUND: Few data exist that have compared sulfonylurea formulations in differing ethnic populations. Most studies of sulfonylureas have been performed in white patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of a sustained-release glipizide (GSR) formulation with those of immediate-release glipizide (GIR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus... CONCLUSION: In this small study, treatment with oral GSR (10 mg QD) was not significantly different from that of treatment with GIR (5 mg BID) with respect to short-term (12 weeks) FPG and HbA(1c) reductions in these ethnic Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving treatment with a sulfonylurea.

Long-term beneficial effects of glipizide treatment on glucose tolerance in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. [2006.06]
AIMS: To assess the efficacy and long-term effects of glipizide treatment on glucose and insulin metabolism in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)... CONCLUSIONS: Short-term treatment with glipizide improves glucose and insulin metabolism in subjects with IGT primarily by improving insulin sensitivity mediated by lowering glucose toxicity, thereby providing the beta cells rest. Larger studies are needed to establish whether these effects are sufficient to prevent progression to manifest type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular morbidity in subjects at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Effects of pioglitazone versus glipizide on body fat distribution, body water content, and hemodynamics in type 2 diabetes. [2006.03]
CONCLUSIONS: When pioglitazone and glipizide are given in doses sufficient to achieve equivalent glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes, pioglitazone increases total body water, thereby accounting for the majority of weight gain, tended to decrease visceral and abdominal fat content and blood pressure, and reduces systemic vascular resistance.

more studies >>

Clinical Trials Related to Glipizide

Efficacy and Safety Study of Alogliptin Compared to Glipizide in Elderly Diabetics [Recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin compared to glipizide in elderly diabetic patients who have not received treatment or are on a single oral medication.

Efficacy and Safety of Alogliptin Plus Metformin Compared to Glipizide Plus Metformin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [Recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of adding alogliptin compared to glipizide with metformin in diabetic subjects.

Food Study of Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets 5 mg/500 mg to Metaglip® Tablets 5 mg/500 mg [Completed]
The objective of this study was to investigate the bioequivalence of Mylan's glipizide and metformin HCl 5 mg/500 mg tablets to Bristol-Myers Squibb's Metaglip® 5 mg/500 mg tablets following a single, oral 5 mg/500 mg (1 x 5 mg/500 mg) dose administration under fed conditions.

Fasting Study of Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets 5 mg/500 mg to Metaglip® Tablets 5 mg/500 mg [Completed]
The objective of this study was to investigate the bioequivalence of Mylan's glipizide and metformin HCl 5 mg/500 mg tablets to Bristol-Myers Squibb's Metaglip® 5 mg/500 mg tablets following a single, oral 5 mg/500 mg (1 x 5 mg/500 mg) dose administration under fasting conditions.

Sitagliptin vs Glipizide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Renal Insufficiency [Recruiting]
The purpose of the study is to compare how sitagliptin and glipizide lower blood glucose levels in patients with moderate and severe renal insufficiency.

more trials >>