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Dobutamine (Dobutamine Hydrochloride) - Summary

 
 



DOBUTAMINE SUMMARY

Dobutamine Injection, USP is 1,2-benzenediol, 4-[2-[[3-(4-hydro-xphenyl)-1-methylpropyl]amino]ethyl]-hydrochloride, (±). It is a synthetic catecholamine.

Dobutamine injection is indicated when parenteral therapy is necessary for inotropic support in the ?short-term ? treatment of adults with cardiac decompensation due to depressed contractility resulting either from organic heart disease or from cardiac surgical procedures.

In patients who have atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response, a digitalis preparation should be use prior to institution of therapy with dobutamine hydrochloride.


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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Dobutamine

Comparison of norepinephrine-dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and organ function variables in cardiogenic shock. A prospective, randomized pilot study. [2011.03]
OBJECTIVE: There is no study that has compared, in a randomized manner, which vasopressor is most suitable in optimizing both systemic and regional hemodynamics in cardiogenic shock patients. Hence, the present study was designed to compare epinephrine and norepinephrine-dobutamine in dopamine-resistant cardiogenic shock... CONCLUSIONS: When considering global hemodynamic effects, epinephrine is as effective as norepinephrine-dobutamine. Nevertheless, epinephrine is associated with a transient lactic acidosis, higher heart rate and arrhythmia, and inadequate gastric mucosa perfusion. Thus, the combination norepinephrine-dobutamine appears to be a more reliable and safer strategy.

Acute effects of levosimendan and dobutamine on QRS duration in patients with heart failure. [2010.12]
BACKGROUND: Levosimendan is a novel inotropic agent that enhances cardiac contractility without increasing cellular calcium intake, so that it is not supposed to cause intracellular calcium overload and related arrhythmias. In patients with heart failure, prolonged QRS duration is associated with increased risk of mortality and sudden cardiac death. Structural changes in the left ventricle may lead to asynchronous contraction, causing conduction delay and a prolonged QRS on the surface electrocardiogram. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the acute effects of levosimendan and dobutamine on QRS duration in patients with severe heart failure and sinus rhythm... CONCLUSION: We suggest that the administration of levosimendan, not dobutamine, shortens QRS duration on the surface ECG, possibly by means of providing collective contraction in the left ventricle muscle fibers. The molecular basis of this effect remains to be clarified.

Double-blind placebo-controlled comparison of enoximone and dobutamine infusions in patients with moderate to severe chronic heart failure. [2010.11]
Few data exist on the safety of transferring patients to standard oral therapy for chronic heart failure (CHF) after acute management with inotropic agents. This study compares hemodynamic responses and cardiac dysrhythmic effects of continuous infusion of enoximone, dobutamine, or placebo in patients with moderate to severe CHF...

[Levosimendan and dobutamine have a similar profile for potential risk for cardiac arrhythmias during 24-hour infusion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure]. [2010.07]
OBJECTIVES: Unlike traditional inotropic agents, levosimendan is thought to have a lower potential to induce arrhythmias because it does not increase intracellular calcium levels and myocardial oxygen consumption. We compared the potential effect of levosimendan and dobutamine to induce cardiac arrhythmias in patients with decompensated heart failure... CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that levosimendan and dobutamine have a similar profile for potential risk for cardiac arrhythmias.

[Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in decompensated heart failure]. [2010.06]
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan and dobutamine in patients with decompensated heart failure refractory to conventional medications... CONCLUSION: Levosimendan was well tolerated and superior to dobutamine for patients with decompensated heart failure refractory to conventional medications.

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Clinical Trials Related to Dobutamine

Outcome and Safety of Intermittent Dobutamine Infusion at a Day-Care Center in Advanced Heart Failure Patients [Not yet recruiting]
Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent disease reaching 1-2% of adult population in developed countries, and 10% in patients over 70 years. In the past HF patients had a 5-year mortality rate of 60-70% of HF with high rate of hospitalization and disability leading to a HF epidemic. Treatment improvements in the past decades have significantly reduced hospitalization and mortality. However, there is an increasing subset of patients (>10%) with advanced HF symptoms (functional class III/IV) for whom current management strategies are limited and do not provide a significant improvement in morbidity, mortality and quality of life. Specialized HF clinics, implementing a comprehensive therapeutic approach, were suggested to be beneficial in this population. However, the design of these clinics is variable with different methods of follow-up, therapy and supervision. Intermittent infusions of dobutamine were previously inconclusive regarding symptom alleviation and hemodynamic improvement and raised a concern of increased mortality in HF patients. Furthermore, the evidence scope is narrow since most trials including inconsistent and relatively high dobutamine dosages. Accordingly, current guidelines do not provide specific recommendations for dobutamine therapy in stable HF patients, and indication for treatment are limited for acute HF with hypotension and signs of hypoperfusion, or alleviation of symptoms in severely symptomatic patients in stage D HF. The primary aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the impact of intermittent low-dose dobutamine infusion on clinical and hemodynamic parameters in advanced HF patients treated in a tertiary heart failure clinic in the setting of a randomized clinical trial. We hypothesize that intermittent therapy with low-dose dobutamine will be associated with improved functional capacity and quality of life among patients with advanced heart failure, thereby providing evidence for beneficial effects of a potentially important therapeutic regimen in this high risk population.

Liberal Versus Restrictive Use of Dobutamine in Cardiac Surgery [Active, not recruiting]
Inotropic agents are usually administered in the postoperative period after cardiac surgery. In most cases, dobutamine is administered routinely, for the probable occurrence of myocardial dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass or a low cardiac output with minimal evidence of altered tissue perfusion. Recent data show that inotropic agents are used in 35-52% of cardiac surgeries in the perioperative period. However, the use of inotropic agents may be associated with adverse events, including myocardial ischemia, by elevation in myocardial oxygen consumption and the imbalance between supply and consumption, and tachyarrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, sinus tachycardia, ventricular tachyarrhythmias), primarily due to the β1-adrenergic effect. This study is a non-inferiority clinical randomized study aiming to compare the use of dobutamine in a liberal strategy (in all patients at the time of withdrawal of CPB) with a restrictive strategy (based on clinical and hemodynamic evidence of low cardiac output syndrome associated with altered tissue perfusion). Our primary hypothesis is that the restrictive use of dobutamine is as safe and effective as the liberal one.

Levosimendan Versus Dobutamine for Renal Function in Heart Failure [Enrolling by invitation]
Although inotropes have a favorable effect on central hemodynamics in patients with heart failure, their effect on renal hemodynamics is incompletely defined. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a 75 min intravenous infusion of levosimendan compared to a 75 min infusion of dobutamine on renal hemodynamics and function in patients with chronic heart failure and signs of cardiorenal syndrome. The investigators hypothesis is that patients treated with levosimendan will show greater increases in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than those treated with dobutamine.

Effects of Dobutamine on Microcirculation, Regional and Peripheral Perfusion in Septic Shock Patients [Completed]
The investigators hypothesize that dobutamine is able to revert negative redistribution of flow by inducing a selective vasodilatory effect on hypoperfused territories, particularly at the sublingual and gastric mucosa, and at the peripheral tissues. The investigators designed a randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled study looking at the acute physiologic effects of 5 mcg/kg/min fixed-dose of dobutamine on cardiac function, microcirculation, gastric mucosal, hepatosplanchnic, and peripheral perfusion in septic shock patients.

Dopamine Versus Dobutamine for Treatment of Arterial Hypotension in Term and Preterm Neonates [Recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Dobutamine as compared to Dopamine in term and preterm neonates with arterial hypotension on cerebral and renal oxygenation, fractional tissue oxygen extraction, mean arterial blood pressure and cardiac output. The investigators hypothesize that Dopamine has a stronger effect on blood pressure than Dobutamine but Dobutamine has a stronger effect on cerebral oxygenation and cardiac output than Dopamine.

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Page last updated: 2011-12-09

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