NEWS HIGHLIGHTS
Published Studies Related to Diamox (Acetazolamide)
Exercise limitation of acetazolamide at altitude (3459 m). [2014]
during early acclimatization to altitude... CONCLUSIONS: In this study group, and despite higher resting Spo2, Az may have
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome benefit from acetazolamide during an altitude sojourn: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. [2011.06.09]
Abstract BACKGROUND: Many patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) are unable or not willing to use CPAP therapy when traveling to the mountains for work or recreation although they risk pronounced hypoxemia and exacerbation of sleep apnea. Since the treatment of OSA at altitude has not been established we tested the hypothesis that acetazolamide improves hypoxemia, sleep and breathing disturbances in otherwise untreated OSA patients at altitude... CONCLUSIONS: In OSA patients discontinuing CPAP during an altitude sojourn, acetazolamide improves oxygenation, breathing disturbances and sleep quality by stimulating ventilation. Therefore, OSA patients may benefit from acetazolamide at altitude if CPAP therapy is not feasible. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00714740.
Effects of acetazolamide and dexamethasone on cerebral hemodynamics in hypoxia. [2011.05]
Previous attempts to detect global cerebral hemodynamic differences between those who develop headache, nausea, and fatigue following rapid exposure to hypoxia [acute mountain sickness (AMS)] and those who remain healthy have been inconclusive. In this study, we investigated the effects of two drugs known to reduce symptoms of AMS to determine if a common cerebral hemodynamic mechanism could explain the prophylactic effect within individuals...
Spironolactone does not prevent acute mountain sickness: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial by SPACE Trial Group (spironolactone and acetazolamide trial in the prevention of acute mountain sickness group). [2011.03]
OBJECTIVES: Over the last 20 years a number of small trials have reported that spironolactone effectively prevents acute mountain sickness (AMS), but to date there have been no large randomized trials investigating the efficacy of spironolactone in prevention of AMS. Hence, a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of spironolactone in the prevention of AMS... CONCLUSIONS: Spironolactone (50 mg BID) was ineffective in comparison to acetazolamide (250 mg BID) in the prevention of AMS in partially acclimatized western trekkers ascending to 5000 m in the Nepali Himalaya. Copyright (c) 2011 Wilderness Medical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled comparison of acetazolamide versus ibuprofen for prophylaxis against high altitude headache: the Headache Evaluation at Altitude Trial (HEAT). [2010.09]
OBJECTIVE: High altitude headache (HAH) is the most common neurological complaint at altitude and the defining component of acute mountain sickness (AMS). However, there is a paucity of literature concerning its prevention. Toward this end, we initiated a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in the Nepal Himalaya designed to compare the effectiveness of ibuprofen and acetazolamide for the prevention of HAH... CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen and acetazolamide were similarly effective in preventing HAH. Ibuprofen was similar to acetazolamide in preventing symptoms of AMS, an interesting finding that implies a potentially new approach to prevention of cerebral forms of acute altitude illness. Copyright 2010 Wilderness Medical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Clinical Trials Related to Diamox (Acetazolamide)
Acetazolamide and Spironolactone to Increase Natriuresis in Congestive Heart Failure [Recruiting]
This study has two primary objectives:
1. To compare combination therapy with acetazolamide and low-dose loop diuretics versus
high-dose loop diuretics (standard of care) in patients with acute decompensated heart
failure at high risk for diuretic resistance.
2. To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of upfront therapy with spironolactone in
addition to loop diuretic therapy in patients with acute decompensated heart failure at
high risk for diuretic resistance.
Effect of Acetazolamide & Position in CSF Leakage and Collection and Wound Dehiscence [Recruiting]
- Purpose of study : to determine the preventive effect of acetazolamide administration,
prone positioning, and the combination of both following the neurosurgical
interventions in lumbosacral region for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, CSF collection
and wound dehiscence.
- Sample size: 144
- intervention groups:
- Group A: Acetazolamide administration for 10 days
- Group B: prone positioning for 10 days
- Group C: Acetazolamide administration and prone positioning for 10 days
- Group D: no intervention
- Period of study: Autumn 2012 to the end of winter of 2015
A Short Term Open, Randomized Cross-over Trial Exploring the Effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition by Acetazolamide on Sleep Apnea Associated Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction [Recruiting]
This is a short term open, randomized cross over trial to explore and compare the efficacy
of pharmacological carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibition on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
related hypertension. Patients will be randomized to receive Acetazolamide(Diamox®)(ACZ),
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)or CPAP plus ACZ for 2 weeks. Following a 2 week
wash-out period all study participants will receive the alternative treatment regimen. The
total length of the study will be 10 weeks. The effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on
blood pressure,hemodynamics and sleep apnea will be investigated.
Study hypothesis:
Carbonic anhydrase inhibition alone or in combination with nCPAP will prominently reduce
blood pressure in patients with OSA. Further it is hypothesized that CA inhibition will
induce a direct pharmacological effects on vascular stiffness as evidenced in overnight
non-invasive assessments of vascular stiffness and that this effect will be particularly
strong in patients also responding with a reduction of blood pressure.
Acetazolamide for the Prevention of High Altitude Illness: a Comparison of Dosing [Recruiting]
Acetazolamide, or Diamox, is the standard medical prophylaxis agent for high altitude
illness. The medication is effective in preventing acute mountain sickness (AMS), high
altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). Its mechanism is
via inhibition of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme which counteracts the respiratory alkalosis
which occurs during ascent to altitude. It facilitates the excretion of bicarbonate in the
urine. As a result, acetazolamide hastens acclimatization and helps prevent high altitude
disorders.
Current recommended dosing is 125 mg, orally twice daily, started 24 hours prior to
ascending in elevation. Side effects include tingling of the fingers and toes and perioral
numbness which may be erroneously interpreted as stroke symptoms. Since acetazolamide is a
mild diuretic, frequent micturition may occur leading to interruption of daytime activities
as well as broken sleep. These effects can affect safety at high altitude. Acetazolamide is
normally discontinued 2 days after the user has reached their highest elevation or a plateau
in elevation.
A lower dose may be just as effective in preventing high altitude illnesses while preventing
the disconcerting side effects resulting from its use. A smaller dose has not been studied,
however. We will compare the common dose of 125 mg twice daily with a lower dose of 62. 5 mg
twice daily.
Effectiveness of Acetazolamide in Reducing Paralysis of the Leg in Patients Undergoing Aortic Aneurysm Surgery Surgery [Recruiting]
The aorta is a large vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Sometimes it becomes
dilated (swells) and this is known as 'aneurysm'. It may cause either dissection (splitting
of the wall) or rupture (bursting).
Treatments could be through open surgery or by use of stents (tubular mesh) through the
groin. There is a risk of causing paraplegia, which is the loss/weakness of leg function as
well as incontinence (loss of bladder and/or bowel control).
To try and prevent this, a number of techniques are used such as removing/draining of
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (the clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord).
Sometimes however;
- CSF cannot be drained
- drain cannot be inserted
- draining is unlikely to improve the situation
- Paralysis/weakness of the leg is seen
In these situations, the use of a drug called acetazolamide may be helpful. This reduces
the production of CSF and therefore decreases the need for CSF draining. It may also have
an effect in decreasing the risk of paraplegia.
Patients will be randomly (by chance) placed into one of two groups. One will get the drug
as tablets and injection and the other will not receive any acetazolamide at all. Blood
tests will be done in both groups. We expect to have 100 patients in the study, with patient
involvement for a total of 10 days (maximum).
Reports of Suspected Diamox (Acetazolamide) Side Effects
Renal Failure Acute (2),
Hyperkalaemia (1),
Drug Interaction (1),
Headache (1),
Reading Disorder (1),
Somnolence (1),
Fatigue (1),
DRY Mouth (1),
Feeling Hot (1),
Dizziness (1), more >>
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