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Citanest Plain (Prilocaine Hydrochloride Dental) - Indications and Dosage

 
 



INDICATIONS AND USAGE

4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection is indicated for the production of local anesthesia in dentistry by nerve block or infiltration techniques. Only accepted procedures for these techniques as described in standard textbooks are recommended.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

The dosage of 4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection varies and depends on the physical status of the patient, the area of the oral cavity to be anesthetized, the vascularity of the oral tissues, and the technique of anesthesia. The least volume of injection that results in effective local anesthesia should be administered. For specific techniques and procedures of local anesthesia in the oral cavity, refer to standard textbooks.

Inferior Alveolar Block

There are no practical clinical differences between prilocaine with and without epinephrine when used for inferior alveolar blocks.

Maxillary Infiltration

4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection is recommended for use in maxillary infiltration anesthesia for procedures in which the painful aspects can be completed within 15 minutes after the injection. 4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection is therefore especially suited to short procedures in the maxillary anterior teeth. For long procedures, or those involving maxillary posterior teeth where soft tissue numbness is not troublesome to the patient, Prilocaine HCl 4% with epinephrine 1:200,000 is recommended.

For most routine procedures, initial dosages of 1 to 2 mL of 4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection will usually provide adequate infiltration or major nerve block anesthesia.

The maximum recommended dose that should ever be administered within a two-hour period in normal healthy adults should be calculated based upon the patient's weight as follows:

Weight Maximum recommended dose
<150 lbs 4 mg/lb
(<70 kg) (8 mg/kg)
≥150 lbs 600 mg (15 mL) or
(≥70 kg) 8 cartridges

In children under 10 years of age it is rarely necessary to administer more than one-half cartridge (40 mg) of 4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection per procedure to achieve local anesthesia for a procedure involving a single tooth. In maxillary infiltration, this amount will often suffice to the treatment of two or even three teeth. In the mandibular block, however, satisfactory anesthesia achieved with this amount of drug will allow treatment of the teeth in an entire quadrant.

ASPIRATION PRIOR TO INJECTION IS RECOMMENDED, since it reduces the possibility of intravascular injection, thereby keeping the incidence of side effects and anesthetic failure to a minimum.

NOTE: Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever the solution and container permit. Solutions that are discolored and/or contain particulate matter should not be used.

Any unused portion of a cartridge should be discarded.

Maximum Recommended Dosages

In patients weighing <150 lbs (70 kg), no more than 4 mg/lb (8 mg/kg) should be administered. In patients weighing <150 lbs, no more than 600 mg (8 cartridges) of prilocaine HCl should be administered as a single injection.

Children

It is difficult to recommend a maximum dose of any drug for children since this varies as a function of age and weight. For children of less than ten years who have a normal lean body mass and normal body development, the maximum dose may be determined by the application of one of the standard pediatric drug formulas (e.g., Clark's rule). For example, in a child of five years weighing 50 lbs., the dose of prilocaine hydrochloride should not exceed 150 to 200 mg (6.6 to 8.8 mg/kg or 3 to 4 mg/lb of body weight) when calculated according to Clark's rule.

HOW SUPPLIED

4% Citanest Plain Dental Injection (NDC 66312-630-14) is dispensed in 1.8 mL cartridges, packed 50 per box.

Sterilization, Storage and Technical Procedures

  1. Cartridges should not be autoclaved, becausee the closures employed in cartridges cannot withstand autoclaving temperatures and pressures.
  2. If chemical disinfection of anesthetic cartridges is desired, either 91% isopropyl alcohol or 70% ethyl alcohol is recommended. Many commercially available brands of rubbing alcohol, as well as solutions of ethyl alcohol not of U.S.P. grade, contain denaturants that are injurious to rubber and, therefore, are not to be used. It is recommended that chemical disinfection be accomplished by wiping the cartridge cap thoroughly with a pledget of cotton that has been moistened with the recommended alcohol just prior to use. IMMERSION IS NOT RECOMMENDED.
  3. Certain metallic ions (mercury, zinc, copper, etc.) have been related to swelling and edema after local anesthesia in dentistry. Therefore, chemical disinfectants containing or releasing those ions are not recommended. Antirust tablets usually contain metal ions. Accordingly, aluminum sealed cartridges should not be kept in such solutions.
  4. Quaternary ammonium salts, such as benzalkonium chloride, are electrolytically incompatible with aluminum. Cartridges are sealed with aluminum caps and therefore should not be immersed in any solution containing these salts.
  5. To avoid leakage of solutions during injection, be sure to penetrate the center of the rubber diaphragm when loading the syringe. An off-center penetration produces an oval shaped puncture that allows leakage around the needle.
  6. Other causes of leakage and breakage included badly worn syringes, aspirating syringes with bent harpoons, the use of syringes not designed to take 1.8 mL cartridges, and inadvertent freezing.
  7. Store at 20 to 25° C (68 to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Rev.12/2010 (2730-0)
Citanest Is a trademark of the AstraZeneca Group
Manufactured by Novocol Pharmaceutical of Canada, Inc.
For Dentsply Pharmaceutical, York, PA 17404

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