CHLOROPROCAINE SUMMARY
Chloroprocaine
Hydrochloride
Injection, USP
Chloroprocaine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic, isobaric solution. Each milliliter of 2% solution contains 20 mg of chloroprocaine hydrochloride; 4 mg sodium chloride; with 1.8 mg sodium metabisulfite added in water for injection. Each milliliter of 3% solution contains 30 mg of chloroprocaine hydrochloride; 2.1 mg sodium chloride; with 1.8 mg sodium metabisulfite added in water for injection. May contain hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. It contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer. Discard unused portion. It is intended for production of local anesthesia by nerve block, infiltration, caudal or other epidural blocks. Chloroprocaine Hydrochloride Injection has a pH of 3.1 (2.7 to 4.0).
Chloroprocaine Hydrochloride Injection in single-dose containers without preservative and without EDTA, is indicated for the production oflocal anesthesia by infiltration, peripheral and central nerve block, including lumbar and caudal epidural blocks.
Chloroprocaine Hydrochloride Injection is not to be used for subarachnoid administration.
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NEWS HIGHLIGHTSMedia Articles Related to Chloroprocaine (Chloroprocaine Epidural)
Abdominal Surgery Without General Anesthesia
Source: GastroIntestinal / Gastroenterology News From Medical News Today [2009.11.04]
A recent review in Faculty of 1000 Medicine Reports, a publication in which clinicians highlight advances in medical practice, suggests regional pain relief could be used during abdominal surgery. In this review, Michael Schaefer recommends a new approach that can be performed without the need for general anaesthetics.
Anesthesia, Exertional Heat Deaths May Be Linked
Source: MedicineNet Hyperthermia Specialty [2009.10.26]
Title: Anesthesia, Exertional Heat Deaths May Be Linked
Category: Health News
Created: 10/23/2009 4:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 10/26/2009
Anesthesia in Youngest Kids May be Linked to Learning Disabilities
Source: MedicineNet Hernia Specialty [2009.03.25]
Title: Anesthesia in Youngest Kids May be Linked to Learning Disabilities
Category: Health News
Created: 3/25/2009 2:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/25/2009
Need For Emergency Airway Surgery For Hard-to-Intubate Patients Reduced
Source: Respiratory / Asthma News From Medical News Today [2009.11.18]
Be prepared, that old Boy Scout motto, is being applied with great success to operating room patients whose anatomy may make it difficult for physicians to help them breathe during surgery, Johns Hopkins researchers report in a new study. When patients undergo general anesthesia, they stop breathing on their own and anesthesiologists must quickly insert a tube into the airway as a first step in machine-assisted breathing.
New Technique For Injectable Facial Fillers Improves Comfort, Recovery
Source: Cosmetic Medicine / Plastic Surgery News From Medical News Today [2009.10.29]
Less pain during injections for wrinkle-fighting facial fillers. Less swelling afterward. Less time in the office waiting for anesthesia to take effect. These and other benefits of a new injection technique that UT Southwestern Medical Center plastic surgeons are helping pioneer are outlined in the October issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
Published Studies Related to Chloroprocaine (Chloroprocaine Epidural)
The interaction between epidural 2-chloroprocaine and morphine: a randomized controlled trial of the effect of drug administration timing on the efficacy of morphine analgesia. [2009.07]
BACKGROUND: The efficacy and duration of epidural morphine analgesia is diminished when administered after 2-chloroprocaine compared with lidocaine. The mechanism of the interaction between 2-chloroprocaine and morphine is unknown... This suggests that the observed interaction between epidural morphine and 2-chloroprocaine is a result of differences in latency and duration of action of the two drugs, or that the administration of morphine before 2-chloroprocaine effectively blocks a receptor site antagonism.
A controlled clinical interventional trial comparing 2% chloroprocaine-bupivicaine versus 2% lidocaine-bupivicaine for retrobulbar anesthesia in scleral buckling surgery. [2009.02]
OBJECTIVE: We undertook this prospective study to compare the relative effectiveness of a bupivicaine mixture with either lidocaine or chloroprocaine for retrobulbar anesthesia in scleral buckling surgery, since chloroprocaine, in some types of nonocular nerve block anesthesia, has been demonstrated to be a more effective nerve block anesthetic. DESIGN: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, clinical, unicentre, interventional trial compared mixtures of lidocaine-bupivacaine with chloroprocaine-bupivacaine in scleral buckling surgery performed by 1 surgeon during a 12-month period.Participants: A total of 136 patients who underwent scleral buckling surgery constituted the cases studied... CONCLUSIONS: We found no difference in effectiveness for bupivicaine mixed with either lidocaine or chloroprocaine for retrobulbar anesthesia in scleral buckling surgery. Surgeon, anesthetist, and patient-centered data showed no differences in any of the measures studied.
Intrathecal 2-chloroprocaine for lower limb outpatient surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, clinical evaluation. [2006.07]
We evaluated the dose-response relationship of 2-chloroprocaine for lower limb outpatient procedure in 45 ASA physical status I-II outpatients undergoing elective lower limb surgery under spinal anesthesia, with 30 mg (group Chlor-30, n = 15), 40 mg (group Chlor-40, n = 15), or 50 mg (group Chlor-50, n = 15) of 1% preservative free 2-chloroprocaine...
Similar onset time of 2-chloroprocaine and lidocaine + epinephrine for epidural anesthesia for elective Cesarean section. [2006.03]
BACKGROUND: The use of regional anesthesia for elective Cesarean section has been demonstrated to be safe for both the mother and new-born. In parturients with an epidural catheter placed previously for labor analgesia, extension of the epidural block may be the preferred option, provided that adequate speed of onset and adequate surgical anesthesia are obtained. We therefore performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial to examine the speed of onset and anesthetic quality of 2-chloroprocaine vs. a solution of lidocaine with one additive, epinephrine 5 microg/ml... CONCLUSION: Both 2-chloroprocaine and lidocaine have a rapid onset of effect and are suitable local anesthetic agents for Cesarean section. In view of the time taken for preparation and the potential for logistic problems when an additive is used, a pre-prepared solution, such as 2-chloroprocaine, may be preferred.
Chloroprocaine may not affect epidural morphine for postcesarean delivery analgesia. [2006.02]
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to assess the independent effect of epidural chloroprocaine on morphine used for pain relief after cesarean delivery... CONCLUSIONS: We found that epidural chloroprocaine did not reduce the duration or effectiveness of postoperative analgesia from epidural morphine.
Clinical Trials Related to Chloroprocaine (Chloroprocaine Epidural)
Effect of Timing on Efficacy of Morphine Analgesia After 2-Chloroprocaine Anesthesia [Recruiting]
pidural chloroprocaine is often used in obstetrical anesthesia because of its fast onset and
short duration. These properties make it an ideal drug to use for epidural anesthesia in
patients undergoing postpartum tubal ligation. When epidural morphine is given after
chloroprocaine, there is a decreased efficacy of analgesia as compared to lidocaine (1).
Several studies have hypothesized a specific opioid receptor mediated antagonism of
chloroprocaine (2,3). Karambelkar raised the question whether this decreased efficacy is due
to a disparity between the time the chloroprocaine anesthesia resolves and the onset of
epidural morphine analgesia, resulting in a time window of pain (2). The duration of action
of epidural 2-CP anesthesia is 30-45 minutes and the onset of epidural morphine analgesia is
60-70 minutes, therefore the regression of sensory blockade before the onset of the morphine
analgesia could result in a window of pain (2). Hess and colleagues studied epidural morphine
analgesia and women who had a Cesarean delivery under spinal bupivacaine anesthesia (3).
Subjects were randomized to receive epidural 2-CP and morphine or epidural saline and
morphine. There was no difference in postoperative analgesia between the two groups (3 and
personal communication, Dr. Philip Hess). A literature search cross referencing epidural
chloroprocaine, using Pub Med, did not produce any articles comparing epidural morphine given
before the procedure (in an attempt to time the onset of analgesia with the resolution of
chloroprocaine anesthesia) to the standard administration time after the procedure.
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Page last updated: 2009-11-18
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