Camptosar (Irinotecan Hydrochloride) - Summary

CAMPTOSAR SUMMARY

CAMPTOSAR Injection (irinotecan hydrochloride injection) is an antineoplastic agent of the topoisomerase I inhibitor class. CAMPTOSAR is supplied as a sterile, pale yellow, clear, aqueous solution. Each milliliter of solution contains 20 mg of irinotecan hydrochloride (on the basis of the trihydrate salt), 45 mg of sorbitol, NF, and 0.9 mg of lactic acid, USP. The pH of the solution has been adjusted to 3.5 (range, 3.0 to 3.8) with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. CAMPTOSAR is intended for dilution with 5% Dextrose Injection, USP (D5W), or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, prior to intravenous infusion. The preferred diluent is 5% Dextrose Injection, USP.

• CAMPTOSAR Injection is indicated as a component of first-line therapy in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) for patients with metastatic carcinoma of the colon or rectum.
• CAMPTOSAR is indicated for patients with metastatic carcinoma of the colon or rectum whose disease has recurred or progressed following initial fluorouracil-based therapy.

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Media Articles Related to Camptosar (Irinotecan)

Study finds colorectal cancer rates have risen dramatically in Gen X and millennials
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2017.03.02]
A new study finds that compared to people born around 1950, when colorectal cancer risk was lowest, those born in 1990 have double the risk of colon cancer and quadruple the risk of rectal cancer.

Poor metabolic health associated with increased risk for colorectal cancer in normal-weight postmenopausal women
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2017.02.02]
Among postmenopausal women who were normal weight, those who were metabolically unhealthy had a significantly increased risk for colorectal cancer compared with those who were metabolically healthy.

Patient study suggests broader genetic testing for colorectal cancer risk
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2017.02.01]
A new study among more than 1000 colorectal cancer patients at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has revealed that a surprising number of patients, about 10% in total, show mutations in genes thought to...

Gut bacteria mediate link between diet and colorectal cancer
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2017.01.27]
Past studies have shown that diet affects the risk of colorectal cancer. New research suggests that this may be down to how diet alters the gut microbiome.

Vitamin E and selenium don't prevent polyps that can lead to colorectal cancer
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2016.12.26]
Eight years ago, results from a landmark cancer prevention trial run by SWOG showed that a daily dose of vitamin E and selenium did not prevent prostate cancer.

more news >>

Published Studies Related to Camptosar (Irinotecan)

A phase II, randomized, double blind trial of calcium aluminosilicate clay versus placebo for the prevention of diarrhea in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with irinotecan. [2015]
use for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) by adsorbing the SN-38 metabolite... CONCLUSION: Compared to placebo, CASAD use was safe but ineffective in preventing

Single-agent irinotecan or 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) as second-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer; results of a randomised phase II study (DaVINCI) and meta-analysis. [2011.08]
BACKGROUND: Second-line treatment with irinotecan for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer prolongs survival. It is uncertain whether irinotecan is better administered with 5-fluorouracil or alone in patients previously treated with a fluoropyrimidine. We compared toxicity (particularly diarrhoea), quality of life, and efficacy of combination chemotherapy and irinotecan in these patients... INTERPRETATION: Combination treatment compared with single-agent irinotecan reduces alopecia and diarrhoea without compromising efficacy on clinical outcomes. Both regimens remain as reasonable treatment options. FUNDING: Research grant (Pfizer). Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Randomized phase II trial of first-line treatment with tailored irinotecan and S-1 therapy versus S-1 monotherapy for advanced or recurrent gastric carcinoma (JFMC31-0301). [2011.07]
The pharmacokinetics of irinotecan vary markedly between individuals. This study sought to compare tailored irinotecan and S-1 therapy with S-1 monotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer...

A phase I study of the chinese herbal medicine PHY906 as a modulator of irinotecan-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. [2011.06]
PHY906 is a novel Chinese herbal preparation that has been used in the Orient for over 1800 years to treat a wide range of gastrointestinal side effects including diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting, fever, and headache. Preclinical and clinical studies were conducted to further investigate the biologic and clinical activities of this herbal medicine...

Cetuximab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: updated analysis of overall survival according to tumor KRAS and BRAF mutation status. [2011.05.20]
PURPOSE: The addition of cetuximab to irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) was shown to reduce the risk of disease progression and increase the chance of response in patients with KRAS wild-type disease. An updated survival analysis, including additional patients analyzed for tumor mutation status, was undertaken... CONCLUSION: The addition of cetuximab to FOLFIRI as first-line therapy improves survival in patients with KRAS wild-type mCRC. BRAF tumor mutation is an indicator of poor prognosis.

more studies >>

Clinical Trials Related to Camptosar (Irinotecan)

Irinotecan (Camptosar) in Patients With Advanced Sarcomas [Completed]
Primary Objectives: 1. To determine the efficacy of the topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitor irinotecan, delivered via a low-dose protracted schedule to patients with advanced sarcoma. 2. To determine the toxicity profile of irinotecan, using a protracted schedule, in this pretreated patient population.

Phase II Study of Irinotecan HCI for Recurrent Anaplastic Astrocytomas, Mixed Malignant Gliomas, and Oligodendrogliomas [Terminated]
Phase 2 trial to explore the efficacy and safety of irinotecan (CPT-11). Also administered at each cycle was zofran/Kytril/Anzemet, decadron, and IV atropine. At each cycle, patient exams and interviews as well as lab results were to help the research team to determine the symptomatic side effects of the treatment. Recorded past toxicities were to be compared with current side effects.

Panitumumab and Irinotecan for Malignant Gliomas [Terminated]
This is a phase II study of the combination of panitumumab with irinotecan in malignant glioma patients. The primary objective of the study is to determine the activity of the combination of panitumumab with irinotecan as measured by 6-month progression-free survival. Secondary objectives include the following- to determine the safety of panitumumab in combination with irinotecan in patients with malignant glioma; to determine the effect of panitumumab in combination with irinotecan on corticosteroid dose for each patient; to explore any relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) mutational analysis and efficacy or toxicity; and, to determine the response rate and overall survival of recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) patients treated with panitumumab in combination with irinotecan. The patients will have histologically documented grade 4 malignant gliomas (glioblastoma multiforme or gliosarcoma) that have failed at least one prior chemotherapy regimen and all patients will have received radiation therapy. This study will investigate second or greater line of therapy for recurrent grade 4 malignant glioma. The patient population will include 32 patients. The patients will undergo a baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as a MRI after every six-week cycle to determine response and progression. After 16 patients with recurrent GBM are treated, an interim analysis will be conducted. The most common side effects associated with panitumumab have been dermatological (skin) problems such as erythema (redness of the skin), acneiform rash (skin eruptions of the face), skin exfoliation, pruritus (itching), skin fissures (skin tears), xerosis (dryness of the eye, skin, or mouth), and rash. The most common side effects associated with irinotecan have been decreased blood counts of platelets (increased risk of bleeding), white blood cells (increased risk of infection), red blood cells (anemia); diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, fever, mouth sores, dehydration (excessive loss of body fluids), rash, itching, changes in skin color, swelling, numbness, tingling, dizziness, confusion, low blood pressure, sweating, hot flashes, hair loss, inflammation of the liver, flu-like symptoms, decreased urine output, shortness of breath, and pneumonia (inflammatory disease of the lungs).

Phase I/II Study of Irinotecan and Temsirolimus in Patients With Refractory Sarcomas [Terminated]
To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and toxicity profile of combination temsirolimus and irinotecan both administered intravenously on a weekly basis. To determine antitumor activity of this combination of drugs in refractory soft tissue sarcoma.

Talazoparib Plus Irinotecan With or Without Temozolomide in Children With Refractory or Recurrent Solid Malignancies [Recruiting]
The drug, talazoparib, seems to work against cancer in test tubes and animals by preventing DNA repair in damaged cells leading to their death. Investigators do not know if talazoparib combined with irinotecan will work in humans. Talazoparib has been used in only a small number of adults and children, and there is much not yet known about it. In Arm A of this study, investigators seek to find the safest dose of irinotecan to give with talazoparib to children and young adults. In a phase I study, different dose levels of drug may be tested. The first 2 or 3 patients will be given a dose, and if none of them has a bad side-effect, the next 2 or 3 patients will be given a higher dose. No temozolomide will be given in in Arm A. The experimental drug combination of talazoparib and irinotecan will be tested in the hopes of finding a treatment that may be effective against recurrent or refractory solid tumors. The goals of study Arm A are:

- To determine whether the combination of talazoparib and irinotecan is a beneficial

treatment for your cancer;

- To learn what kind of side effects talazoparib can cause;

- To learn what kind of side effects talazoparib in combination with irinotecan can

cause;

- To learn more about the biology of talazoparib in children diagnosed with solid tumors.

The purpose of Arm B is to to find the safest doses of irinotecan and temozolomide to give with talazoparib to children and young adults with a solid malignancy.. Talazoparib belongs to a family of drugs called "poly ADP ribose polymerase or PARP inhibitors." Irinotecan and temozolomide belong to a family of drugs called "DNA damaging agents." There are two arms of this trial, A and B. In this study, investigators hope that irinotecan (administered in Arm A) and irinotecan plus temozolomide (administered in Arm B) will damage the DNA of the cancer cells. Then, talazoparib (which is a PARP inhibitor) will block the repair of the cancer cell's damaged DNA, causing the cancer cell to die (a process called "apoptosis"). There are different types of cancers found in children and young adults which appear to be vulnerable to the combination of chemotherapy agents that will be given in this study. Work carried out in the lab show that these agents may be very promising in the treatment of ewing sarcoma, germ cell tumors, wilms tumor, medulloblastoma and possibly neuroblastoma.

more trials >>

Reports of Suspected Camptosar (Irinotecan) Side Effects

Disease Progression (33),  Diarrhoea (18),  Death (11),  Colon Cancer (10),  Neutropenia (6),  Hyperkalaemia (5),  Pancreatic Carcinoma (5),  Malaise (5),  Vomiting (5),  Decreased Appetite (4), more >>