BREVITAL SUMMARY
BREVITAL® SODIUM
METHOHEXITAL SODIUM FOR INJECTION, USP
Methohexital sodium is a rapid, ultrashort-acting barbiturate anesthetic.
Brevital Sodium can be used in
adults
as follows:
-
For
intravenous
induction of anesthesia prior to the use of other general anesthetic agents.
-
For
intravenous
induction of anesthesia and as an adjunct to subpotent inhalational anesthetic agents (such as nitrous oxide in oxygen) for short surgical procedures; Brevital Sodium may be given by infusion or intermittent injection.
-
For use along with other parenteral agents, usually narcotic analgesics, to supplement subpotent inhalational anesthetic agents (such as nitrous oxide in oxygen) for longer surgical procedures.
-
As
intravenous
anesthesia for short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures associated with minimal painful stimuli (see WARNINGS).
-
As an agent for inducing a hypnotic state.
Brevital Sodium can be used in
pediatric patients older than 1 month
as follows:
-
For
rectal
or
intramuscular
induction of anesthesia prior to the use of other general anesthetic agents.
-
For
rectal
or
intramuscular
induction of anesthesia and as an adjunct to subpotent inhalational anesthetic agents for short surgical procedures.
-
As
rectal
or
intramuscular
anesthesia for short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures associated with minimal painful stimuli.
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BREVITAL NEWS HIGHLIGHTS Media Articles Related to Brevital (Methohexital)
Somnia Anesthesia: 3rd Study Confirms Anesthesia Improves Cancer Detection In Colonoscopies
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2009.06.22]
More pre-cancerous polyps were found in colonoscopies performed with deep sedation primarily using Propofol than with milder sedation in which patients remained conscious, according to a recent study conducted by Katherine Hoda, M.D. of Oregon Health and Science University. This improvement in cancer detection will save lives and reduce the number of patients requiring surgery and chemotherapy.
Somnia Anesthesia: 3rd Study Confirms Anesthesia Improves Outcomes In Colonoscopies
Source: Colorectal Cancer News From Medical News Today [2009.06.17]
More pre-cancerous polyps were found in colonoscopies performed with deep sedation primarily using Propofol than with milder sedation in which patients remained conscious, according to a recent study conducted by Katherine Hoda, M.D. of Oregon Health and Science University. This improvement in cancer detection will save lives and reduce the number of patients requiring surgery and chemotherapy.
Anesthesia in Youngest Kids May be Linked to Learning Disabilities
Source: MedicineNet Hernia Specialty [2009.03.25]
Title: Anesthesia in Youngest Kids May be Linked to Learning Disabilities
Category: Health News
Created: 3/25/2009 2:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/25/2009
Spinal Anesthesia Doesn't Cause Restless Leg Syndrome
Source: MedicineNet Restless Leg Syndrome Specialty [2008.11.20]
Title: Spinal Anesthesia Doesn't Cause Restless Leg Syndrome
Category: Health News
Created: 11/20/2008 2:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 11/20/2008
Post-Surgery Distress In Children Eased By Hormone Treatment
Source: Health News from Medical News Today [2009.07.02]
A scary unknown for many children, the prospect of surgery can cause intense preoperative anxiety. While some amount of stress is normal, what many parents do not know is that extreme anxiety before surgery can contribute to the occurrence of emergence delirium, a distressing incidence of acute behavioral changes experienced when "waking up" from anesthesia.
Published Studies Related to Brevital (Methohexital)
The comparative hemodynamic effects of methohexital and remifentanil in electroconvulsive therapy. [2005.03]
Remifentanil is a short acting opioid frequently used to supplement general anesthesia for brief procedures. Narcotic agents are known for their ability to blunt autonomic responses to stimuli such as laryngoscopy and intubation and do not alter seizure threshold...
The comparative effects of sevoflurane and methohexital for electroconvulsive therapy. [2003.12]
The standard anesthetic agent for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been methohexital [generic for Brevital]... We conclude that, when indicated, sevoflurane could provide a suitable alternative treatment option to methohexital, but some limitations, including shortened seizure duration and potential side effects, should be kept in mind.
Seizure duration with remifentanil/methohexital vs. methohexital alone in middle-aged patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. [2003.10]
CONCLUSION: Substituting part of the methohexital [generic for Brevital] dose with remifentanil is a useful anesthetic technique to prolong seizure duration in middle-aged patients requiring a 1.5-fold higher induction dose of methohexital than elderly patients, the only population studied to date for the combined use of methohexital and remifentanil in ECT.
A randomized comparison of propofol and methohexital as general anesthetics for vacuum abortion. [2003.09]
The objective of this study was to determine whether propofol and methohexital [generic for Brevital] differ in their efficacy, acceptability, cost and side effects when used as the single anesthetic agent for inducing general anesthesia in first-trimester vacuum abortion. We randomized 400 unpremedicated American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I-II women to receive 1% propofol or 1% methohexital by intravenous bolus infusion during abortion...
Randomized clinical trial of propofol versus methohexital for procedural sedation during fracture and dislocation reduction in the emergency department. [2003.09]
Although methohexital [generic for Brevital] has been well studied for use in emergency department (ED) procedural sedation (PS), propofol has been evaluated less extensively for ED use. OBJECTIVE: The authors hypothesized that there is no difference in the depth of sedation and the rate of respiratory depression (RD) between propofol and methohexital in PS during the reduction of fractures and dislocations in the ED... CONCLUSIONS: The authors were unable to detect a significant difference in the level of subclinical RD or the level of sedation by BIS between the two agents. The use of either agent seems to be safe in the ED.
Clinical Trials Related to Brevital (Methohexital)
Comparison of Thiopental and Propofol as Anaesteticum During ECT [Recruiting]
Electroconvulsive therapy is the most effective treatment in severe depression and the effect
is related to the generalized seizure induced by the treatment. General anesthesia is used
during the treatment. Since only a brief period of unconsciousness is required anesthetics
with a rapid recovery profile are used.
Methohexital, a barbiturat, is internationally considered "the golden standard", bot other
short-acting anesthetics are used. In Denmark the most frequent used anestheticum for ECT is
Thiopental, a barbiturat, but also Propofol, a non-barbiturat, is used in many psychiatric
departments.
Several studies have shown that Propofol reduce seizure duration in comparison with
barbiturates. So far, no studies have demonstrated any clinical implications of the reduced
seiziure duration. However, these studies have included rather few patiens, most have been
retrospective, and in the only prospective study conducted, uni-lateral ECT was used.
The aim of this study is to compare the clinical effect of ECT in patients anesthesized with
either Propofol or Thiopental. The hypothesis is that the shorter duration of seizures found
with Propofol as anestheticum will increase the number of treatments needed to clinial
respons. Furthermore we want to study differences in EEG-relate parameters previously shown
to have prognostic value. Hospitalized patients with major depression, who is to be treated
with ECT, are randomized to anesthizia with either Thiopental or Propofol. They are rated
with Hamilton depression scale and BDI before treatment, after six treatments and when
treatment is concluded. When treatment is ended the patients are furthermore rated with MMSE
to evaluate their degree of cognitive impairment.
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