BAL in Oil (Dimercaprol) - Summary

BAL IN OIL SUMMARY

BAL in Oil Ampules
DIMERCAPROL INJECTION, USP

Dimercaprol Injection USP is a colorless or almost colorless liquid chelating agent having a disagreeable, mercaptan-like odor. Each 1 mL sterile BAL in Oil (Dimercaprol Injection USP) contains: 100 mg Dimercaprol in 200 mg Benzyl Benzoate and 700 mg Peanut Oil.

BAL in Oil (Dimercaprol Injection USP) is indicated in the treatment of arsenic, gold and mercury poisoning. It is indicated in acute lead poisoning when used concomitantly with Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection USP.

Dimercaprol Injection USP is effective for use in acute poisoning by mercury salts if therapy is begun within one or two hours following ingestion. It is not very effective for chronic mercury poisoning.

Dimercaprol Injection USP is of questionable value in poisoning caused by other heavy metals such as antimony and bismuth. It should not be used in iron, cadmium, or selenium poisoning because the resulting dimercaprol-metal complexes are more toxic than the metal alone, especially to the kidneys.

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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Media Articles Related to BAL in Oil (Dimercaprol)

Reducing Dangers Of Lead Poisoning
Source: Public Health News From Medical News Today [2013.05.09]
A new study appearing this week in the Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law catalogues community-based efforts to develop strategies and policies that - by targeting high risk housing - may hold the key to reducing lead hazards in children's homes. "Lead poisoning has long been characterized as a health problem with a housing solution," said Katrina Korfmacher, Ph.D...

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Published Studies Related to BAL in Oil (Dimercaprol)

Bismuth dimercaptopropanol (BisBAL) inhibits formation of multispecies wastewater flocs. [2011.06]
CONCLUSIONS: Antifouling and bactericidal properties of BisBAL arise from its ability to reduce EPS expression and preferentially suppressing acidic and O-acetylated carbohydrates and certain protein secondary structures viz. beta-structures, random coils, and alpha-and 3-turn helices. As micro-organisms exhibited a much weaker tendency to aggregate at lower concentrations of these specific EPS components, they also appear to be important for the formation of microbial flocs and bioaggregates. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: BisBAL was shown to be highly effective against multispecies microbial aggregation. Novel bismuth-based biocides could also be potentially employed to control excess sludge production in wastewater treatment systems by inhibiting EPS expression. (c) 2011 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology (c) 2011 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Bismuth dimercaptopropanol (BisBAL) inhibits the expression of extracellular polysaccharides and proteins by Brevundimonas diminuta: implications for membrane microfiltration. [2008.02.15]
A 2:1 molar ratio preparation of bismuth with a lipophilic dithiol (3-dimercapto-1-propanol, BAL) significantly reduced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) expression by Brevundimonas diminuta in suspended cultures at levels just below the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).diminuta resulted in biofouling and inefficient hydrodynamic backwashing of microfiltration membranes.

Inhibition of bacterial adherence on the surface of stents and bacterial growth in bile by bismuth dimercaprol. [2005.06]
Bacterial infection and biofilm formation on the surface of biliary stents is believed to be one of the main factors in stent occlusion. This study explored the role of the new reagent, bismuth dimercaprol, in preventing bacterial adherence and bacterial biofilm formation on the surface of biliary stents...

Toxicity induced by Hg2+ on choline acetyltransferase activity from E. electricus (L.) electrocytes: the protective effect of 2,3 dimercapto-propanol (BAL). [2005.04]
CONCLUSIONS: The observed inhibition is likely due to direct protein interaction, because the addition of BAL reversed the effects of HgCl(2) on ChAT activity. The results cast new light on the mechanisms of mercurial neurotoxicity.

British anti-Lewisite (dimercaprol): an amazing history. [2003.03]
Emergency physicians are familiar with British anti-Lewisite (BAL) because it is a heavy metal-chelating agent that is recommended in some cases of metal poisoning, especially arsenic... Today, BAL might again become prominent should terrorists or governments use Lewisite against civilians or military forces.

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