NEWS HIGHLIGHTSMedia Articles Related to Alfentanil
Concerns About Anesthesia's Impact On The Brain
Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today [2013.06.07]
As pediatric specialists become increasingly aware that surgical anesthesia may have lasting effects on the developing brains of young children, new research suggests the threat may also apply to adult brains...
Increasing Rates Of Emergency C-Section And Accompanying Emergency Anesthesia
Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today [2013.06.05]
There is an increasing need for safe emergency anaesthesia as cases of emergency Caesarean section (CS) continue to rise, said experts speaking at Euroanaesthesia, the annual congress of the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA)...
General Anesthesia Raises Dementia Risk Among Elderly Patients
Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today [2013.06.02]
Elderly patients who are exposed to general anesthesia have a 35% higher risk of developing dementia, researchers from INSERM and University of Bordeaux, France, reported at Euroanaesthesia, the annual congress of the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA)...
Faster Spinal Anesthesia For Cancer Patients At End Of Life
Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today [2013.05.29]
For patients with uncontrolled pain from terminal cancer, a new approach to calculating initial dosage may allow a quicker start of spinal analgesia - and less time in the hospital, according to a study in the June issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia, official journal of the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS)...
Patients With Sleep Apnea Undergoing Joint Replacement Have Improved Outcomes With Regional Anesthesia
Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today [2013.05.07]
Using regional anesthesia instead of general anesthesia in patients with sleep apnea undergoing total joint replacement decreases major complications by 17%, according to a study published online, ahead of print, in the journal Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine...
Published Studies Related to Alfentanil
Concurrent assessment of hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A activities using deuterated alfentanil. [2011.04]
Alfentanil (ALF) is a validated probe for hepatic, first-pass, and intestinal cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A activity, using plasma clearances, single-point concentrations, and noninvasive pupil diameter change (miosis).
Comparison of propofol and the combination of propofol and alfentanil during bronchoscopy: a randomized study. [2011.01]
BACKGROUND: propofol is an excellent sedative agent for use in patients undergoing bronchoscopy. The addition of an opioid to propofol can be advantageous because of the antitussive effect of the opioid and the possible improvement in sedation quality. However, it may increase the risk of hypoxaemia. To investigate the effect of the addition of alfentanil to propofol, we performed a prospective study to compare propofol-only sedation with propofol-alfentanil combination sedation in patients undergoing bronchoscopy... CONCLUSIONS: the combination of propofol and alfentanil resulted in a greater respiratory depression than propofol alone; furthermore, the addition of an opioid did not improve the quality of sedation. In conclusion, we do not recommend sedation with propofol and alfentanil during bronchoscopy. 2010 The Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Foundation.
Comparison of alfentanil and remifentanil infusions in combination with propofol for the outpatient extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy. [2011]
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of propofol+remifentanil to propofol+alfentanil in reducing pain in patients with urinary system stones undergoing outpatient Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)... CONCLUSION: We concluded that both methods may be successfully used for patients undergoing ESWL (Tab. 6, Rief. 29).
Optimal bolus dose of alfentanil for successful tracheal intubation during sevoflurane induction with and without nitrous oxide in children. [2010.05]
BACKGROUND: The goals of this study were to determine the effective bolus dose of alfentanil required for successful tracheal intubation during inhalation induction using sevoflurane 5% without neuromuscular block in children, and whether nitrous oxide reduces these doses... CONCLUSIONS: The effective bolus dose of alfentanil for successful tracheal intubation was 11.5 microg kg(-1) in 50% of children during inhalation induction using sevoflurane 5% without neuromuscular blocking agent. Addition of nitrous oxide 60% in oxygen reduced the effective alfentanil dose by 25%.
Interaction of physostigmine and alfentanil in a human pain model. [2010.03]
BACKGROUND: Preclinical and clinical studies suggest an important role for cholinesterase inhibitors in pain therapy. The aim of this study was to examine the analgesic and antihyperalgesic properties of the cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine and the opioid alfentanil, alone and in combination, in an experimental pain model in humans... CONCLUSIONS: Physostigmine and alfentanil showed distinct effects on pain and hyperalgesia in a human pain model. The interaction of both drugs was found to be infra-additive.
Clinical Trials Related to Alfentanil
Optimal Dose of Alfentanil for Removal of Supreme Laryngeal Mask Airway During Emergence From Desflurane Anaesthesia [Recruiting]
This study aims to determine the optimal dose of alfentanil in suppressing the airway
reflexes during supreme LMA removal in anaesthetized adult.
Stress During Deep Sedation With Propofol With and Without Alfentanil [Recruiting]
This is a randomized clinical trial of deep procedural sedation with propofol with and
without supplemental alfentanil. Patients will be assessed for total and fractionated serum
catecholamines before and after the procedure in addition to usual procedural sedation
outcomes parameters to assess the adrenergic effect of propofol sedation without
supplemental opioid.
Propofol Versus Alfentanil Versus Nitrous Oxide for Moderate Procedural Sedation [Recruiting]
Diamorphine or Alfentanil for Subcutaneous Use in Hospice In-patients? [Recruiting]
OBJECTIVES:
How does Alfentanil compare with the standard drug Diamorphine for subcutaneous analgesia in
the palliative care setting?
STUDY DESIGN:
An open-label pilot comparison between alfentanil and diamorphine for palliative care
patients who require subcutaneous opioids.
The Effect of an Opioid on the Lower Esophageal Sphincter During Anesthesia Induction [Recruiting]
During anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation one major concern is to avoid passive
regurgitation of gastric content and aspiration.
The lower esophageal sphincter is a muscle located at the distal end of the esophagus. It
plays an important role in creating a barrier between the stomach and the esophagus. The
term "barrierpressure" is defined as the pressure difference between the lower esophageal
sphincter pressure and the pressure in the stomach (intragastric pressure).
There are studies showing that opioids given iv/im, in the vein or in the muscle, may
decrease the pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter and hereby increase the risk of
aspiration.
Nevertheless,other studies shows that opioids are still frequently given to patients during
anesthesia induction. This is done in order to prevent the cardiovascular response to (the
painful) intubation which can often be seen as an equally high risk for the patient as the
risk of aspiration.
In light of the above description, the investigators are planning a study in volunteers with
the primary aim of investigating the effects of an opioid (alfentanil) on the pressures in
the lower esophageal sphincter.
Another safety measure taken during anesthesia induction is the so called "cricoid
pressure". This is based on the theory that passive regurgitation of gastric content may be
prevented by occluding the esophagus by pressing on the cricoid cartilage. However, there
are studies indicating that the application of cricoid pressure also may decrease the tonus
of the lower esophageal sphincter.
The secondary aim of the study is to investigate the effect of cricoid pressure application
on the pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter.
Measurements are being done using high-resolution solid-state manometry.
Reports of Suspected Alfentanil Side Effects
Anaphylactic Shock (7),
Respiratory Depression (4),
Fatigue (4),
Maternal Exposure During Pregnancy (2),
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (2),
Maternal Drugs Affecting Foetus (1),
Caesarean Section (1),
Upper Airway Obstruction (1),
Hepatitis Acute (1)
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