Active ingredient: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) - Basic Profile / Key Facts

Basic Profile / Key Facts

Drug Category

• Anti-inflammatory Agents
• Essential Vitamin
• Vitamins (Vitamin B Complex)

Dosage Forms

• Capsule
• Elixir
• Liquid
• Powder
• Injection
• Tablet

Indications

For the treatment of thiamine and niacin deficiency states, Korsakov's alcoholic psychosis, Wernicke-Korsakov syndrome, delirium, and peripheral neuritis.

Pharmacology

Thiamine is a vitamin that with antioxidant, erythropoietic, cognition-and mood-modulatory, antiatherosclerotic, putative ergogenic, and detoxification activities. Thiamine has been found to protect against lead-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney. Thiamine deficiency results in selective neuronal death in animal models. The neuronal death is associated with increased free radical production, suggesting that oxidative stress may play an important early role in brain damage associated with thiamine deficiency. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation may also promote atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells in culture have been found to have a decreased proliferative rate and delayed migration in response to hyperglycemic conditions. Thiamine has been shown to inhibit this effect of glucose on endothelial cells.

Mechanism of Action

It is thought that the mechanism of action of thiamine on endothelial cells is related to a reduction in intracellular protein glycation by redirecting the glycolytic flux.

Absorption

Absorbed mainly from duodenum, by both active and passive processes

Toxicity

Thiamin toxicity is uncommon; as excesses are readily excreted, although long-term supplementation of amounts larger than 3 gram have been known to cause toxicity. Oral mouse LD₅₀ = 8224 mg/kg, oral rat LD₅₀ = 3710 mg/kg.

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

Hepatic

Contraindications

Contraindications for Vitamin B1 (Thiamine):

Hypersensitivity to vitamin B1 or any component of a product containing vitamin B1.

Drug Interactions

Interactions for Vitamin B1 (Thiamine):

Loop Diuretics, Oral Contraceptives, Stavudine, Tricyclic Antidepressants