Active ingredient: Tobramycin - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

• Anti-bacterial Agents
• Aminoglycosides

Dosage Forms

• Ophthalmic ointment
• Powder for solution
• Solution for oral inhalation
• Ophthalmic solution
• Oral solution
• IV solution

Brands / Synonyms

3'-Deoxykanamycin B; Aktob; Distobram; Gernebcin; Nebcin; Nebramycin; Nebramycin 6; Nebramycin Factir 6; Nebramycin Factor 6; Nebramycin Vi; NF 6; Obracin; Obramycin; Tenebrimycin; Tenemycin; Tobi; Tobracin; Tobradex; Tobradistin; Tobraflex; Tobramaxin; Tobramitsetin; Tobramycetin; Tobramycin; Tobramycin 98%; Tobramycin Base; Tobramycin Injection; Tobramycin Sulfate; Tobrasone; Tobrex ; Zylet

Indications

For the treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections

Pharmacology

Tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic obtained from cultures of Streptomyces tenebrarius, is used in combination with other antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections, gynecologic infections, peritonitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, bacteremia and sepsis, respiratory infections including those associated with cystic fibrosis, osteomyelitis, and diabetic foot and other soft-tissue infections.

Mechanism of Action

Tobramycin binds irreversibly to one of two aminoglycoside binding sites on the 30 S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Tobramycin may also destabilize bacterial memebrane by binding to 16 S 16 S r-RNA. An active transport mechanism for aminoglycoside uptake is necessary in the bacteria in order to attain a significant intracellular concentration of tobramycin.

Absorption

Not Available

Toxicity

LD₅₀=441mg/kg (s.c. in mice)

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

Not Available

Contraindications

TOBI is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any aminoglycoside.

Drug Interactions

In clinical studies of TOBI, patients taking TOBI concomitantly with dornase alfa (PULMOZYME®, Genentech), (beta)-agonists, inhaled corticosteroids, other anti-pseudomonal antibiotics, or parenteral aminoglycosides demonstrated adverse experience profiles similar to the study population as a whole.

Concurrent and/or sequential use of TOBI with other drugs with neurotoxic or ototoxic potential should be avoided. Some diuretics can enhance aminoglycoside toxicity by altering antibiotic concentrations in serum and tissue. TOBI should not be administered concomitantly with ethacrynic acid, furosemide, urea, or mannitol.