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Active ingredient: Sulfisoxazole - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

  • Anti-Infectives
  • Sulfonamides

Dosage Forms

  • Tablet
  • Oral suspension
  • Eye drops

Brands / Synonyms

Accuzole; Alphazole; Amidoxal; Astrazolo; Azo Gantrisin; Azosulfizin; Bactesulf; Barazae; Chemouag; Cosoxazole; Dorsulfan; Dorsulfan Warthausen; Entusil; Entusul; G-Sox; Ganda; Gantrisin; Gantrisine; Gantrisona; Gantrosan; Isoxamin; J-Sul; Koro-Sulf; Neazolin; Neoxazol; Norilgan-S; Novazolo; Novosaxazole; Pancid; Pediazole; Renosulfan; Resoxol; Roxosul; Roxosul Tablets; Roxoxol; Saxosozine; SI; Sk-Soxazole; Sodizole; Sosol; Soxamide; Soxazole; Soxisol; Soxitabs; Soxo; Soxomide; Stansin; Sulbio; Sulfadimethylisoxazole; Sulfafurazol; Sulfafurazole; Sulfagan; Sulfagen; Sulfaisoxazole; Sulfalar; Sulfapolar; Sulfasan; Sulfasol; Sulfasoxazole; Sulfazin; Sulfisin; Sulfisonazole; Sulfisoxasole; Sulfisoxazol; Sulfisoxazole Dialamine; Sulfisoxazole Diolamine; Sulfizin; Sulfizol; Sulfizole; Sulfofurazole; Sulfoxol; Suloxsol; Sulphadimethylisoxazole; Sulphafuraz; Sulphafurazol; Sulphafurazole; Sulphafurazolum; Sulphaisoxazole; Sulphisoxazol; Sulphofurazole; Sulsoxin; Thiasin; Tl-Azole; Unisulf; Urisoxin; Uritrisin; Urogan; V-Sul; Vagilia

Indications

Treatment of severe, repeated, or long-lasting urinary tract infections, meningococcal meningitis, acute otitis media, trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis, nocardiosis, chancroid, toxoplasmosis, malaria and other bacterial infections.

Pharmacology

Sulfisoxazole is a sulfonamide antibiotic. The sulfonamides are synthetic bacteriostatic antibiotics with a wide spectrum against most gram-positive and many gram-negative organisms. However, many strains of an individual species may be resistant. Sulfonamides inhibit multiplication of bacteria by acting as competitive inhibitors of p-aminobenzoic acid in the folic acid metabolism cycle. Bacterial sensitivity is the same for the various sulfonamides, and resistance to one sulfonamide indicates resistance to all. Most sulfonamides are readily absorbed orally. However, parenteral administration is difficult, since the soluble sulfonamide salts are highly alkaline and irritating to the tissues. The sulfonamides are widely distributed throughout all tissues. High levels are achieved in pleural, peritoneal, synovial, and ocular fluids. Although these drugs are no longer used to treat meningitis, CSF levels are high in meningeal infections. Their antibacterial action is inhibited by pus.

Mechanism of Action

Sulfisoxazole is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. It inhibits bacterial synthesis of of dihydrofolic acid by preventing the condensation of the pteridine with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a substrate of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. The inhibited reaction is necessary in these organisms for the synthesis of folic acid.

Absorption

Not Available

Toxicity

LD50=6800 mg/kg (Orally in mice)

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

Not Available

Contraindications

Contraindications:

Sulfisoxazole should not be given to patients who are hypersensitive to erythromycin,
sulfonamides, or any component of the formulation, who have hepatic dysfunction, and
porphyria. It is containdicated in infants of less than 2 months of age.

Sulfisoxazole can not be used concurrently with pimozide or cisapride.

Drug Interactions

Not Available

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