Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Anesthetics
- Local Anesthetics
Dosage Forms
Brands / Synonyms
Naropin; Ropivacaina [INN-Spanish]; Ropivacaina [Spanish]; Ropivacaine [INN]; Ropivacainum [INN-Latin]; S-Ropivacaine
Indications
Used in obstetric anesthesia and regional anesthesia for surgery
Pharmacology
Ropivacaine, a local anesthetic agent, is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, for oral surgery procedures, for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures.
Mechanism of Action
Local anesthetics such as Ropivacaine block the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses, presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse, and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential. In general, the progression of anesthesia is related to the diameter, myelination and conduction velocity of affected nerve fibers.
Absorption
Not Available
Toxicity
Not Available
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Hepatic
Contraindications
Ropivacaine is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to ropivacaine or to any local anesthetic agent of the amide type.
Drug Interactions
Ropivacaine should be used with caution in patients receiving other local anesthetics or agents structurally related to amide-type local anesthetics, since the toxic effects of these drugs are additive. Cytochrome P4501A2 is involved in the formation of 3-hydroxy ropivacaine, the major metabolite. In vivo, the plasma clearance of ropivacaine was reduced by 70% during coadministration of fluvoxamine (25 mg bid for 2 days), a selective and potent CYP1A2 inhibitor. Thus strong inhibitors of cytochrome P4501A2, such as fluvoxamine, given concomitantly during administration of Ropivacaine, can interact with Ropivacaine leading to increased ropivacaine plasma levels. Caution should be exercised when CYP1A2 inhibitors are coadministered. Possible interactions with drugs known to be metabolized by CYP1A2 via competitive inhibition such as theophylline and imipramine may also occur. Coadministration of a selective and potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, ketoconazole (100 mg bid for 2 days with ropivacaine infusion administered 1 hour after ketoconazole) caused a 15% reduction in in-vivo plasma clearance of ropivacaine.
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