Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Trypanocidal Agents
- Anti-Infectives
Dosage Forms
Brands / Synonyms
Actin-N; Aldomycin; Alfucin; Amifur; Babrocid; Becafurazone; Biofuracina; Biofurea; Chemofuran; Chixin; Cocafurin; Coxistat; Dermofural; Dymazone; Dynazone; Eldezol; Eldezol F-6; Fedacin; Flavazone; Fracine; Furacilin; Furacillin; Furacin; Furacin Soluble Dressing; Furacin Topical Cream; Furacin Topical Solution; Furacin-E; Furacin-HC; Furacine; Furacinetten; Furacoccid; Furacort; Furacycline; Furaderm; Furagent; Furalcyn; Furaldon; Furalone; Furametral; Furan-Ofteno; Furaplast; Furaseptyl; Furaskin; Furatsilin; Furaziline; Furazin; Furazina; Furazol W; Furazone; Furazyme; Furesol; Furfurin; Furosem; Fuvacillin; Hemofuran; Ibiofural; Mammex; Mastofuran; Monafuracin; Monafuracis; Monofuracin; Nefco; NF; NF-7; NFS; NFZ; Nfz Mix; Nifucin; Nifurid; Nifuzon; Nitrofural; Nitrofuraldehyde Semicarbazone; Nitrofuran; Nitrofurane; Nitrofurazan; Nitrofurol; Nitrozone; Otofural; Otofuran; Sanfuran; Spray-Dermis; Spray-Foral; Vabrocid; Vadrocid; Veterinary Nitrofurazone; Yatrocin
Indications
For the treatement of bacterial skin infections including pyodermas, infected dermatoses and infections of cuts, wounds, burns and ulcers due to susceptible organisms.
Pharmacology
Nitrofurazone is a topical antibacterial agent indicated as an adjunctive therapy for second and third degree burns when resistance to other agents is a real or potential problem. Nitrofurazone is also indicated in skin grafting when bacterial contamination may cause graft rejection or donor site infection, especially in hospitals with a history of resistant bacteria.
Mechanism of Action
The exact mechanism of action is unknown. Nitrofurazone inhibits several bacterial enzymes, especially those involved in the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of glucose and pyruvate. This activity is believed also to affect pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthetase, malate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, and pyruvate decarboxylase.
Absorption
Well absorbed.
Toxicity
Rat LD50 = 590 mg/kg; Allergic contact dermatitis is the most frequently reported adverse effect, occurring in approximately 1 % of patients treated.
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Nitrofurans, including nitrofural, undergo metabolic reduction at the nitro group to generate reactive species which can covalently bind to cellular macromolecules (Polnaszek et al., 1984; Kutcher & McCalla, 1984; McCalla 1979; McCalla et al., 1975).
Contraindications
1) Renal function impairment: polyethylene glycols in the base of the topical solution and the soluble dressing may be absorbed through denuded skin and may not be excreted normally, which may lead to increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), anion gap, and metabolic acidosis.
2) Sensitivity to nitrofurazone or other components of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Not Available
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