Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Anti-Allergic Agents
- Anti-Asthmatic Agents
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Dosage Forms
- Liquid
- Metered-dose (aerosol)
Brands / Synonyms
Alocril; Nedocromil [USAN:BAN:INN]; Nedocromilo [Spanish]; Nedocromilum [Latin]; Tilade
Indications
For the treatment of mild to moderate asthma
Pharmacology
Nedocromil is a anti-inflammatory agent and can be administered directly to the bronchial mucosa. It has significant inhibitory effect on allergen-induced early and late asthmatic reactions and on bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Mechanism of Action
Nedocromil has been shown to inhibit the in vitro activation of, and mediator release from, a variety of inflammatory cell types associated with asthma, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, and platelets. Nedocromil inhibits activation and release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine, prostaglandin D2 and leukotrienes c4 from different types of cells in the lumen and mucosa of the bronchial tree. These mediators are derived from arachidonic acid metabolism through the lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase pathways. The mechanism of action of nedocromil may be due partly to inhibition of axon reflexes and release of sensory neuropeptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, and calcitonin-geneñrelated peptides. The result is inhibition of bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction. Nedocromil does not posess any bronchodilator, antihistamine, or corticosteroid activity.
Absorption
Low
Toxicity
Side effects include headache, nasal congestion, ocular burning, irritation and stinging, unpleasant taste, cough, difficulty breathing, noisy breathing, shortness of breath, tightness in chest, wheezing, conjunctivitis, blurred vision, change in color vision, difficulty seeing at night, increased sensitivity of eyes to sunlight.
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Nedocromil is not metabolized after IV administration and is excreted unchanged.
Contraindications
Tilade Inhaler is contraindicated in patients who have shown hypersensitivity to nedocromil sodium or other
ingredients in this preparation.
Drug Interactions
In clinical studies, Tilade has been co-administered with other anti-asthma medications, including inhaled and
oral bronchodilators, and inhaled corticosteroids, with no evidence of increased frequency of adverse events or
laboratory abnormalities. No formal drug-drug interaction studies, however, have been conducted.
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