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Active ingredient: Mitoxantrone - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Analgesics

Dosage Forms

  • Solution

Brands / Synonyms

DHAD; DHAQ; DHAQ HCl; Dihydroxyanthraquinone; Immunex; Mitox; Mitoxanthrone; Mitoxantron; Mitoxantrona [Inn-Spanish]; Mitoxantrone 2HCl; Mitoxantrone dihydrochloride; Mitoxantrone HCl; Mitoxantrone hydrochloride; Mitoxantronum [Inn-Latin]; Mitozantrone; Mitozantrone hydrochloride; Novantron; Novantrone; Novantrone

Indications

For the treatment of secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Pharmacology

Mitoxantrone has been shown in vitro to inhibit B cell, T cell, and macrophage proliferation and impair antigen presentation, as well as the secretion of interferon gamma, TNFa, and IL-2.

Mechanism of Action

Mitoxantrone, a DNA-reactive agent that intercalates into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) through hydrogen bonding, causes crosslinks and strand breaks. Mitoxantrone also interferes with ribonucleic acid (RNA) and is a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase II, an enzyme responsible for uncoiling and repairing damaged DNA. It has a cytocidal effect on both proliferating and nonproliferating cultured human cells, suggesting lack of cell cycle phase specificity.

Absorption

Poorly absorbed following oral administration

Toxicity

Severe leukopenia with infection.

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

Hepatic

Contraindications

NOVANTRONEâ is contraindicated in patients who have demonstrated prior hypersensitivity to it.

Drug Interactions

Mitoxantrone and its metabolites are excreted in bile and urine, but it is not known whether the metabolic or excretory pathways are saturable, may be inhibited or induced, or if mitoxantrone and its metabolites undergo enterohepatic circulation. To date, post-marketing experience has not revealed any significant drug interactions in patients who have received NOVANTRONEâ for treatment of cancer. Information on drug interactions in patients with multiple sclerosis is limited.

Following concurrent administration of NOVANTRONEâ with corticosteroids, no evidence of drug interactions has been observed.

 

 

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