Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
Dosage Forms
- Topical cream (2%)
- Vaginal cream (2%)
- Vaginal suppositories (100mg, 200mg)
Brands / Synonyms
Benzoylmetronildazole; Daktarin; Femizol-M; M-zole 3 Combination Pack; M-zole 7 Dual Pack; MCZ; Micatin; Miconazole 3; Miconazole 3 Combination Pack; Miconazole 7; Miconazole 7 Combination Pack; Miconazole Nitrate; Miconazole Nitrate Combination Pack; Miconazole-7; Micozole; Minostate; Monazole 7; Monistat; Monistat 1 Combination Pack; Monistat 3; Monistat 3 Combination Pack; Monistat 3 Dual-Pak; Monistat 3 Vaginal Ovules; Monistat 5; Monistat 5 Tampon; Monistat 7; Monistat 7 Combination Pack; Monistat 7 Dual-Pak; Monistat 7 Vaginal Suppositories; Monistat Dual- PAK; Monistat IV; Monistat-3 Combination Pack; Monistat-Derm; Novo-Miconazole Vaginal Ovules; Oravig; Zeasorb-AF
Indications
For topical application in the treatment of tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum, in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis (moniliasis), and in the treatment of tinea versicolor.
Pharmacology
Miconazole is an anti-fungal medication related to fluconazole (Diflucan), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), and clotrimazole (Lotrimin, Mycelex). It is used either on the skin or in the vagina for fungal infections. Miconazole was approved by the FDA in 1974. Miconazole prevents fungal organisms from producing vital substances required for growth and function. This medication is effective only for infections caused by fungal organisms. It will not work for bacterial or viral infections.
Mechanism of Action
Miconazole interacts with 14-α demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme necessary to convert lanosterol to ergosterol. As ergosterol is an essential component of the fungal cell membrane, inhibition of its synthesis results in increased cellular permeability causing leakage of cellular contents. Miconazole may also inhibit endogenous respiration, interact with membrane phospholipids, inhibit the transformation of yeasts to mycelial forms, inhibit purine uptake, and impair triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis.
Absorption
Not Available
Toxicity
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 3800 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 3 gm/kg. Ingestion of the amounts of the components contained in a tube of cream are unlikely to produce overdosage and toxic effects.
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Not Available
Contraindications
When used by a person taking the anticoagulant medication warfarin, Miconazole may cause an adverse reaction which can lead to excessive bleeding or bruising.
Drug Interactions
Not Available
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