Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Diuretics
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Dosage Forms
- Tablet (125, 250 mg)
- Capsule (500mg)
- Injection (500mg)
Brands / Synonyms
Cardrase; Diuretic C; Ethamide; Ethoxazolamide; Ethoxyzolamide; Etoxzolamide; Glaucotensil; Redupresin
Indications
For use in the treatment of duodenal ulcers, as a diuretic, and in the treatment of glaucoma, and may also be useful in the treatment of seizures associated with epilepsy.
Pharmacology
Ethoxzolamide, a sulfonamide, inhibits carbonic anhydrase activity in proximal renal tubules to decrease reabsorption of water, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate. It also decreases carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, increasing the seizure threshold. This reduction in carbonic anhydrase also reduces the intraocular pressure in the eye by decreasing aqueous humor.
Mechanism of Action
Ethoxzolamide binds and inhibits carbonic anhydrase I. Carbonic anhydrase plays an essential role in facilitating the transport of carbon dioxide and protons in the intracellular space, across biological membranes and in the layers of the extracellular space. The inhibition of this enzyme effects the balance of applicable membrane equilibrium systems.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed with 65% bioavailability
Toxicity
Not Available
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Not Available
Contraindications
Ethoxzolamide is contraindicated in patients with severe
hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, severe hepatic disease, severe renal disease, electrolytic imbalances such as
hyponatremia and hypokalemia, hyperchloremic acidosis, Addison's disease, and long-term use in narrow-angle glaucoma.
Drug Interactions
Ethoxzolamide may increase the action of tricyclics, amphetamines,
procainamide, and quinidine. It may increase excretion of barbiturates, lithium, and ASA and may also increase the
toxicity of salicylates. Coadministration of ethoxzolamide with other diuretics, amphotericin B, and corticosteroids
may cause hypokalemia.
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