Active ingredient: Dipyridamole - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

• Vasodilator Agents

Dosage Forms

• Tablets

Brands / Synonyms

Aggrenox; Agilease; Anginal; Apo-Dipyridamole Fc; Apo-Dipyridamole Sc; Apricor; Cardioflux; Cardoxil; Cardoxin; Chilcolan; Cleridium; Cleridium 150; Coribon; Coridil; Coronarine; Corosan; Coroxin; Curantyl; Dipiridamol; Dipyridamine; Dipyridamol; Dipyridamole; Dipyridamole, Pharma; Dipyridan; Dipyudamine; Dypyridamol; Gulliostin; Iv Persantine; Justpertin; Kurantil; Natyl; Novo-Dipiradol; Peridamol; Permiltin; Persantin; Persantine; Piroan; Prandiol; Prandiol 75; Protangix; RA 8; RA-8; Stenocardil; Stenocardiol; Stimolcardio; Usaf Ge-12

Indications

For as an adjunct to coumarin anticoagulants in the prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement and also used in prevention of angina.

Pharmacology

Dipyridamole, a non-nitrate coronary vasodilator that also inhibits platelet aggregation, is combined with other anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin, to prevent thrombosis in patients with valvular or vascular disorders. Dipyridamole is also used in myocardial perfusion imaging, as an antiplatelet agent, and in combination with aspirin for stroke prophylaxis.

Mechanism of Action

Dipyridamole likely inhibits both adenosine deaminase and phosphodiesterase, preventing the degradation of cAMP, an inhibitor of platelet function. This elevation in cAMP blocks the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and reduces thromboxane A2 activity. Dipyridamole also directly stimulates the release of prostacyclin, which induces adenylate cyclase activity, thereby raising the intraplatelet concentration of cAMP and further inhibiting platelet aggregation.

Absorption

70%

Toxicity

Hypotension, if it occurs, is likely to be of short duration, but a vasopressor drug may be used if necessary. The oral LD₅₀ in rats is greater than 6,000 mg/kg while in the dogs, the oral LD₅₀ is approximately 400 mg/kg. LD₅₀=8.4g/kg (orally in rat)

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

hepatic

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to dipyridamole and any of the other components.

Drug Interactions

No pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies were conducted with PERSANTINE® (dipyridamole USP) Tablets. The following information was obtained from the literature.

Adenosine: Dipyridamole has been reported to increase the plasma levels and cardiovascular effects of adenosine. Adjustment of adenosine dosage may be necessary.

Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Dipyridamole may counteract the anticholinesterase effect of cholinesterase inhibitors, thereby potentially aggravating myasthenia gravis.