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Active ingredient: Chlorthalidone - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

  • Diuretics
  • Antihypertensive Agents

Dosage Forms

  • Tablet

Brands / Synonyms

Atenolol and Chlorthalidone; Chlorothalidone; Chlorphthalidolone; Chlorphthalidone; Chlortalidone; Chlorthalidon; Chlorthalidone; Clodronic Acid; Clorpres; Edarbyclor; Higroton; Hydro-Long; Hygroton; Igroton; Isoren; Natriuran; Oradil; Phthalamodine; Phthalamudine; Renon; Saluretin; Tenoretic; Thalitone; Zambesil

Indications

For management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effect of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension.

Pharmacology

Chlorthalidone, a monosulfonamyl diuretic, differs form other thiazide diuretics in that a double ring system is incorporated into its structure. Chlorthalidone is used alone or with atenolol in the management of hypertension and edema.

Mechanism of Action

Chlorthalidone inhibits sodium ion transport across the renal tubular epithelium in the cortical diluting segment of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. By increasing the delivery of sodium to the distal renal tubule, Chlorthalidone indirectly increases potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism.

Absorption

Absorbed relatively rapidly after oral administration.

Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include nausea, weakness, dizziness and disturbances of electrolyte balance.

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

Liver

Contraindications

Anuria.

Known hypersensitivity to chlorthalidone or other sulfonamide-derived drugs.

Drug Interactions

Chlorthalidone may add to or potentiate the action of other antihypertensive drugs. Potentiation occurs with ganglionic peripheral adrenergic blocking drugs.

Medication such as digitalis may also influence serum electrolytes. Warning signs, irrespective of cause, are: dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting.

Insulin requirements in diabetic patients may be increased, decreased, or unchanged. Higher dosage of oral hypoglycemic agents may be required. Latent diabetes mellitus may become manifest during chlorthalidone administration.

Chlorthalidone and related drugs may increase the responsiveness to tubocurarine.

Chlorthalidone and related drugs may decrease arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine. This diminution is not sufficient to preclude effectiveness of the pressor agent for therapeutic use.

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