Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Anti-Infective Agents, Local
Dosage Forms
- Drug premix
- Ointment
- Powder
- Powder for solution
Brands / Synonyms
Baci-rx; Baciguent; Baciim; Bacitracin Bacillus licheniformis; Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B; Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates and Bacitracin Zinc; Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates and Bacitracin Zinc with Hydrocortisone; Neosporin; Polysporin; Ziba-rx
Indications
For the treatment of infants with pneumonia and empyema caused by staphylococci shown to be susceptible to the drug. Also used in ointment form for topical treatment of a variety of localized skin and eye infections, as well as for the prevention of wound infections.
Pharmacology
Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides produced by organisms of the licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy. As a polypeptide, toxic, and difficult to use chemical, Bacitracin doesn't work well orally, however is very effective topically. Bacitracin exerts pronounced antibacterial action in vitro against a variety of gram-positive and a few gram-negative organisms. However, among systemic diseases, only staphylococcal infections qualify for consideration of bacitracin therapy.
Mechanism of Action
Bacitracin intereferes with the dephosphorylation of the 55-carbon, biphosphate lipid transport molecule, which carries the building blocks of the peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall outside the inner membrane for construction.
Absorption
Absorption of bacitracin following intramuscular injection is rapid and complete. Absorption from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration is not appreciable. Absorption following topical application is negligible.
Toxicity
Oral, mouse: LD50 = >3750 mg/kg.
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Not Available
Contraindications
This drug is contraindicated in those individuals with a history of previous hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to
it.
Drug Interactions
No information provided.
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