Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Penicillins
Dosage Forms
- Solution (for intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion)
Brands / Synonyms
Azlin; Azlocilina [INN-Spanish]; Azlocillin sodium salt; Azlocilline [INN-French]; Azlocillinum [INN-Latin]; Bayer Brand of Azlocillin; Securopen
Indications
For the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Haemophilus influenzae.
Pharmacology
Azlocillin, similar to mezlocillin and piperacillin, is an acylampicillin with an extended spectrum of activity and greater in vitro potency than the carboxy penicillins. Azlocillin demonstrates antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and, in contrast to most cephalosporins, exhibits activity against enterococci.
Mechanism of Action
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, azlocillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that azlocillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Absorption
Not significantly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Toxicity
Not Available
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Eliminated predominantly by renal mechanisms, but also undergoes biotransformation within body tissues and intraintestinal degradation by bowel bacteria, with high concentrations found in bile.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in penicillin hypersensitivity.
Drug Interactions
Azlocillin should not be administered concomitantly with amikacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, or tobramycin.
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