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Active ingredient: Arsenic Trioxide - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Homeopathic Agents

Dosage Forms

  • Tablet

Brands / Synonyms

Acide Arsenieux; Acide Arsenieux [French]; Anhydride Arsenieux; Anhydride Arsenieux [French]; Arseni Trioxydum; Arsenic Blanc; Arsenic Blanc [French]; Arsenic Oxide; Arsenic Oxidearsenous Trioxide; Arsenic Sesquioxide; Arsenic Trioxide [Jan]; Arsenic Trioxide [UN1561] [Poison]; Arsenic, White; Arsenicum Album; Arsenigen Saure; Arsenigen Saure [German]; Arsenious Acid; Arsenious Acid Anhydride; Arsenious Oxide; Arsenious Trioxide; Arsenite; Arsenolite; Arsenous Acid; Arsenous Acid Anhydride; Arsenous Anhydride; Arsenous Oxide; Arsenous Oxide Anhydride; Arsenous Oxide [ISO]; Arsentrioxide; Arsodent; Claudelite; Claudetite; Crude Arsenic; Di-Arsenic Trioxide; Diarsenic Trioxide; Diarsonic Trioxide; HSDB 419; Oxyde Arsenieux [ISO-French]; Poison Flour; Trisenox; White Arsenic

Indications

For induction of remission and consolidation in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and whose APL is characterized by the presence of the t(15;17) translocation or PML/RAR-alpha gene expression

Pharmacology

Arsenic Trioxide is indicated for induction of remission and consolidation in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who are refractory to, or have relapsed from, retinoid and anthracycline chemotherapy.

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action of Arsenic Trioxide is not completely understood. Arsenic trioxide causes morphological changes and DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis in NB4 human promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Arsenic trioxide also causes damage or degradation of the fusion protein PML/RAR-alpha.

Absorption

Not Available

Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include convulsions, muscle weakness and confusion.

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

The metabolism of arsenic trioxide involves reduction of pentavalent arsenic to trivalent arsenic by arsenate reductase and methylation of trivalent arsenic to monomethylarsonic acid and monomethylarsonic acid to dimethylarsinic acid by methyltransferases. The main site of methylation reactions appears to be the liver. Arsenic is stored mainly in liver, kidney, heart, lung, hair and nails.

Contraindications

TRISENOXô is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to arsenic.

Drug Interactions

No formal assessments of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions between TRISENOXô and other agents have been conducted. Caution is advised when TRISENOXô is coadministered with other medications that can prolong the QT interval (e.g. certain antiarrhythmics or thioridazine) or lead to electrolyte abnormalities (such as diuretics or amphotericin B).

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