Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
Dosage Forms
- Solution for injection (1g drug per 5mL solution)
Brands / Synonyms
Aminohippurate; Aminohippurate Sodium; Aminohippuric acid; Aminohippuric acid Sodium salt; Sodium p-aminohippurate
Indications
Used to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and to determine the functional capacity of the tubular excretory mechanism.
Pharmacology
Aminohippurate (p-aminohippuric acid, PAH, PAHA) is the glycine amide of p-aminobenzoic acid. It is filtered by the glomeruli and is actively secreted by the proximal tubules. At low plasma concentrations (1.0 to 2.0 mg/100 mL), an average of 90 percent of aminohippurate is cleared by the kidneys from the renal blood stream in a single circulation. It is ideally suited for measurement of ERPF since it has a high clearance, is essentially nontoxic at the plasma concentrations reached with recommended doses, and its analytical determination is relatively simple and accurate. Aminohippurate is also used to measure the functional capacity of the renal tubular secretory mechanism or transport maximum (TmPAH). This is accomplished by elevating the plasma concentration to levels (40-60 mg/100 mL) sufficient to saturate the maximal capacity of the tubular cells to secrete aminohippurate. Inulin clearance is generally measured during TmPAH determinations since glomerular filtration rate (GFR) must be known before calculations of secretory Tm measurements can be done.
Mechanism of Action
Aminohippurate is filtered by the renal glomeruli and secreted into the urine by the proximal tubules. By measuring the amount of drug in the urine it is possible to determine functional capacity and effective renal plasma flow.
Absorption
Not Available
Toxicity
Not Available
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Not Available
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to this product or to its components.
Drug Interactions
Renal clearance measurements of PAH cannot be made with any significant accuracy in patients receiving
sulfonamides, procaine, or thiazolesulfone. These compounds interfere with chemical color development essential to
the analytical procedures.
Probenecid depresses tubular secretion of certain weak acids such as PAH. Therefore, patients receiving probenecid
will have erroneously low ERPF and Tm PAH values.
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