Basic Profile / Key Facts
Drug Category
Dosage Forms
- Powder for solution
- Solution (IV)
Description
Human alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor or alpha-1-antitrypsin, prepared from human plasma via Cohn alcohol fractionation followed by PEG and zinc chloride fractionation.
Indications
For treatment of panacinar emphysema
Pharmacology
Prevents excessive accumulation of active neutrophil elastase and consequent proteolysis of elastin tissues in alveolar lung structures. This prevents the development of emphysema.
Mechanism of Action
Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor is a serine protease inhibitor (Serpin). It primarily inhibits the action of the serine protease called elastase (also plasmin and thrombin). The reactive center loop (RCL) of alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable.
Absorption
Not Available
Toxicity
Not Available
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Not Available
Contraindications
Not Available
Drug Interactions
Not Available
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