Increasing the time of exposure to aerosol measles vaccine elicits an immune response equivalent to that seen in 9-month-old Mexican children given the same dose subcutaneously.
Author(s): Wong-Chew RM, Garcia-Leon ML, Espinosa-Torres Torrija B, Hernandez-Perez B, Cardiel-Marmolejo LE, Beeler JA, Audet S, Santos-Preciado JI
Affiliation(s): Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. rmwong@unam.mx
Publication date & source: 2011-08-01, J Infect Dis., 204(3):426-32.
Publication type: Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
BACKGROUND: A 30-second aerosol measles vaccination successfully primes children 12 months of age and older but is poorly immunogenic when given to 9-month-old children. We examined the immune responses when increasing the duration to aerosol exposure in 9-month-olds. METHODS: One hundred and thirteen healthy 9-month-old children from Mexico City were enrolled; 58 received aerosol EZ measles vaccine for 2.5 minutes and 55 subcutaneously. Measles-specific neutralizing antibodies and cellular responses were measured before and at 3 and 6 months postimmunization. RESULTS: Adaptive immunity was induced in 97% after aerosol and 98% after subcutaneous administration. Seroconversion rates and GMCs were 95% and 373 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 441-843) following aerosol vaccination and 91% and 306 mIU/mL (95% CI, 367-597) after subcutaneous administration at 3 months. The percentage of children with a measles-specific stimulation index >/=3 was 45% and 60% in the aerosol versus 55% and 59% in the subcutaneous group at 3 and 6 months, respectively. CD8 memory cell frequencies were higher in the aerosol group at 3 months compared with the subcutaneous group. Adverse reactions were comparable in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing exposure time to aerosol measles vaccine elicits immune responses that are comparable to those seen when an equivalent dose is administered by the subcutaneous route in 9-month-old infants.
|