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Avosentan reduces albumin excretion in diabetics with macroalbuminuria.

Author(s): Wenzel RR, Littke T, Kuranoff S, Jurgens C, Bruck H, Ritz E, Philipp T, Mitchell A, SPP301 (Avosentan) Endothelin Antagonist Evaluation in Diabetic Nephropathy Study Investigators

Affiliation(s): Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology-Nephrology-Cardiovascular Research, AO Krankenhaus Zell am See, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus University Salzburg (Austria), Zell am See, Austria. rrwenzel@me.com

Publication date & source: 2009-03, J Am Soc Nephrol., 20(3):655-64. Epub 2009 Jan 14.

Publication type: Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Despite the first-line use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), there is still a large need to improve the prevention and progression of diabetic nephropathy and its associated cardiovascular events. Endothelin antagonists have shown anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiproteinuric effects in experimental studies. This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-design, dosage-range study of the effect of the endothelin-A antagonist avosentan (SPP301) on urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in patients with diabetic nephropathy. We randomly assigned 286 patients with diabetic nephropathy, macroalbuminuria (UAER 0.2 to 5.6 mg/min), and BP <180/110 mmHg to 12 wk of avosentan (5, 10, 25, and 50 mg) or placebo, in addition to standard ACEI/ARB therapy. Relative to baseline, all avosentan dosages decreased mean relative UAER (-16.3 to -29.9%) compared with placebo (35.5%). Median relative UAER decreased with all avosentan dosages (-28.7 to -44.8%) compared with placebo (12.1%). Creatinine clearance and BP were unchanged at 12 wk. The main adverse events were peripheral edema (12%), mainly with high (>/=25 mg) dosages of avosentan; significant increases in liver enzymes did not occur. Twenty-one (7.3%) patients experienced adverse events that led to withdrawal from study medication. In summary, the endothelin-A antagonist avosentan given in addition to standard ACEI/ARB treatment decreases UAER in patients with diabetic nephropathy and macroalbuminuria.

Page last updated: 2009-10-20

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