Scheduled prophylactic ondansetron administration did not improve its antiemetic efficacy after intracranial tumour resection surgery in children.

Author(s): Subramaniam K, Pandia MP, Dash M, Dash HH, Bithal PK, Bhatia A, Subramaniam B

Affiliation(s): University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. subramaniamk@upmc.edu

Publication date & source: 2007-07, Eur J Anaesthesiol., 24(7):615-9. Epub 2007 Jan 30.

Publication type: Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting after craniotomy may increase intracranial pressure and morbidity in children. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blinded study was designed to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron after intracranial tumour resections in children. METHODS: Ninety children were divided into three groups and received saline (Group 1), ondansetron 150 microg kg-1 intravenously at dural closure (Group 2) or two doses of ondansetron 150 microg kg-1 intravenously, the second dose repeated after 6 h (Group 3). Episodes of nausea, emesis and side-effects were noted for 24 h postoperatively. RESULTS: Overall 24 h incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was not significantly different among the three groups (9 (37.5%) in Group 1 vs. 7 (27%) in Group 2 and 8 (32%) in Group 3, P = 0.73). No difference in rescue antiemetic treatment or postoperative nausea and vomiting at specific time intervals (0-6 and 6-24 h postoperative period) was seen among the three groups. No significant side-effects were noted in any of the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Ondansetron, in this study of 90 children, was not very effective in preventing nausea and vomiting after neurosurgical operations.