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No Depletion of Wolbachia from Onchocerca volvulus after a Short Course of Rifampin and/or Azithromycin.

Author(s): Richards FO Jr, Amann J, Arana B, Punkosdy G, Klein R, Blanco C, Lopez B, Mendoza C, Dominguez A, Guarner J, Maguire JH, Eberhard M

Affiliation(s): Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Universidad del Valle, Guatemala City, Guatemala; Ministry Of Health, Guatemala City, Guatemala; Onchocerciasis Elimination Program for the Americas, The Carter Center, Guatemala City, Guatemala.

Publication date & source: 2007-11, Am J Trop Med Hyg., 77(5):878-882.

Endosymbionic Wolbachia bacteria inside adult Onchocerca volvulus worms (causing river blindness) are necessary for female worm fertility. We evaluated whether rifampin and/or azithromycin used in a five-day course could kill Wolbachia. In an open-label trial in Guatemala, 73 patients with 134 palpable onchocercal nodules were randomized into four treatment groups: rifampin, azithromycin, a combination of the two drugs, and controls (multivitamins). After five days of antibiotic treatment, all participants received a single dose of ivermectin on day 6. Nine months after treatment, the nodules were removed and the worms were examined. Skin snips to determine microfilariae were obtained at baseline and nine months. There were no significant differences between any of the treatment groups in the condition of the worms in the nodules, the presence of Wolbachia surface protein, or the number of microfilariae in skin. Short courses with these antibiotics will not clear Wolbachia from O. volvulus.

Page last updated: 2008-01-02

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