Weight gain induced by haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine after 1 year: findings of a randomized clinical trial in a drug-naive population.
Author(s): Perez-Iglesias R, Crespo-Facorro B, Martinez-Garcia O, Ramirez-Bonilla ML, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Pelayo-Teran JM, Garcia-Unzueta MT, Amado JA, Vazquez-Barquero JL
Affiliation(s): Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008, University of Cantabria, Spain.
Publication date & source: 2008-02, Schizophr Res., 99(1-3):13-22. Epub 2007 Dec 3.
Publication type: Comparative Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
BACKGROUND: There is little information about weight gain induced by antipsychotics at long-term. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the weight gain induced by first (haloperidol) and second generation antipsychotics (olanzapine and risperidone) in a cohort of drug-naive subjects after 1 year of treatment. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized clinical trial, including a representative sample of first episode psychotic incident cases from a population area of 555.000 people. The main outcome measures were changes in body weight and body mass index at 3 months and at 12 months. Both a per protocol analysis and an intention to treat analysis were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 164 drug-naive patients were included. At 12 months 144 patients were evaluated. Of them, 66% completed the protocol and 34% needed treatment switch. We found statistically significant differences in weight gain at 3 months: 3.8 kg (+/-4.1) for haloperidol, 5.9 kg (+/-5.1) for risperidone and 8.4 kg (+/-5.0) for olanzapine (F=7.045; p=0.002). After 1 year the difference in weight gain had disappeared: 9.7 kg (+/-5.7) for haloperidol, 8.9 kg (+/-8.8) for risperidone and 10.9 kg (+/-7.2) for olanzapine (F=0.817; p=0.445). CONCLUSIONS: Drug-naive patients experience an extraordinary weight gain after 1 year of treatment with haloperidol, olanzapine or risperidone. The main difference among these treatments is the pattern of weight gain but not the final amount of weight gain.
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